Scholarlink

<p>Extensive soil contamination with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), particularly naphthalene and benzo(a)pyrene, poses serious threats to agricultural productivity and ecological health. This study aimed to evaluate the synergistic effects of foliar-applied selenium nanoparticles (SeNP) and aged cellulose-derived biochar (CBC) on PAH immobilization and spinach growth in contaminated soils. A controlled pot experiment was conducted, and comparative analysis among treatments was performed using adsorption isotherm modelling, physicochemical characterization of biochar (FTIR and mineral phase analysis), PAH quantification by GC–MS, elemental analysis by ICP-OES, and statistical evaluation of plant physiological and biochemical parameters. Results revealed that aging of CBC enhanced surface functional group formation and transformed mineral phases from Mg₂SiO₄ and MgO to more stable forms such as MgCO₃, Ca, and SiO₂. During PAH adsorption, the relative contribution of mineral components decreased while non-mineral functional groups played a dominant role, reflected by a shift from Freundlich to Langmuir isotherm behavior. The combined application of foliar SeNP and aged CBC significantly improved antioxidant enzyme activities, photosynthetic performance, and PAH sequestration in root cell walls and vacuoles, thereby reducing naphthalene and benzo(a)pyrene uptake and toxicity. Overall, the integrated strategy of SeNP and aged CBC demonstrated enhanced PAH immobilization and improved plant resilience, providing a sustainable approach for remediation of contaminated agricultural soils and protection of food security.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Synergistic effects of foliar selenium nanoparticles and aged cellulose-derived biochar on PAH immobilization and spinach health in contaminated soils

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月2日

查看全文
  • Ghulam Murtaza,
  • Muhammad Usman,
  • Muhammad Azam,
  • Zeeshan Ahmed,
  • Sajad Ali,
  • Khairiah Mubarak Alwutayd,
  • Rashid Iqbal

摘要

Extensive soil contamination with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), particularly naphthalene and benzo(a)pyrene, poses serious threats to agricultural productivity and ecological health. This study aimed to evaluate the synergistic effects of foliar-applied selenium nanoparticles (SeNP) and aged cellulose-derived biochar (CBC) on PAH immobilization and spinach growth in contaminated soils. A controlled pot experiment was conducted, and comparative analysis among treatments was performed using adsorption isotherm modelling, physicochemical characterization of biochar (FTIR and mineral phase analysis), PAH quantification by GC–MS, elemental analysis by ICP-OES, and statistical evaluation of plant physiological and biochemical parameters. Results revealed that aging of CBC enhanced surface functional group formation and transformed mineral phases from Mg₂SiO₄ and MgO to more stable forms such as MgCO₃, Ca, and SiO₂. During PAH adsorption, the relative contribution of mineral components decreased while non-mineral functional groups played a dominant role, reflected by a shift from Freundlich to Langmuir isotherm behavior. The combined application of foliar SeNP and aged CBC significantly improved antioxidant enzyme activities, photosynthetic performance, and PAH sequestration in root cell walls and vacuoles, thereby reducing naphthalene and benzo(a)pyrene uptake and toxicity. Overall, the integrated strategy of SeNP and aged CBC demonstrated enhanced PAH immobilization and improved plant resilience, providing a sustainable approach for remediation of contaminated agricultural soils and protection of food security.

Graphical Abstract