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<p>Owing to its abundant coal reserves, Huaibei serves as a critical energy supply base in East China. However, coal exploitation and utilization have led to severe environmental challenges. To improve pollution source control and advance soil contamination remediation in mining areas, we investigated the pollution characteristics, source apportionment, and health risks of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) in soils around the Liuqiao coal mining area in Huaibei. The total PAC concentration (ΣPACs) ranged from 142.0 to 11,400&#xa0;ng/g (mean: 1440&#xa0;ng/g), with alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons being the dominant contributors (49.4%). Seven high-carcinogenicity PAHs (BaA, CHR, BbF, BkF, BaP, DBA, and InP) accounted for 40.4% of the Σ16PAHs, indicating potential health concerns. Integrated analysis using diagnostic ratios, positive matrix factorization, and absolute principal component score-multivariate linear regression indicated multiple PAC sources, including petrogenic inputs and combustion-related sources (e.g., diesel/traffic-related combustion, biomass/coke ovens, and coal combustion). Deterministic human health risk assessment and Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis suggested that total carcinogenic risks for adults and children exceed the United States Environmental Protection Agency benchmark (1 × 10<sup>–6</sup>). Source-oriented risk modeling further indicated that petrogenic and combustion-related sources are the main contributors to carcinogenic risk, although their relative importance differed between PMF and APCS-MLR. This study provides an integrated framework for PAC source tracing and health risk assessment in mining-impacted regions and supports targeted pollution control and management.</p>

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Source identification and risk assessment of PAC contamination in typical coal mining soils of Huaibei, China: application of PMF and APCS-MLR receptor models

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月20日

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  • Zheng Du,
  • Guiyu Wu,
  • Xiuping Hong,
  • Kang Yang,
  • Lichao Zhang,
  • Yingying Zhang,
  • Xin Wang,
  • Kexin Li,
  • Shuxian Wang,
  • Ruonan Li,
  • Zihan Wang

摘要

Owing to its abundant coal reserves, Huaibei serves as a critical energy supply base in East China. However, coal exploitation and utilization have led to severe environmental challenges. To improve pollution source control and advance soil contamination remediation in mining areas, we investigated the pollution characteristics, source apportionment, and health risks of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) in soils around the Liuqiao coal mining area in Huaibei. The total PAC concentration (ΣPACs) ranged from 142.0 to 11,400 ng/g (mean: 1440 ng/g), with alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons being the dominant contributors (49.4%). Seven high-carcinogenicity PAHs (BaA, CHR, BbF, BkF, BaP, DBA, and InP) accounted for 40.4% of the Σ16PAHs, indicating potential health concerns. Integrated analysis using diagnostic ratios, positive matrix factorization, and absolute principal component score-multivariate linear regression indicated multiple PAC sources, including petrogenic inputs and combustion-related sources (e.g., diesel/traffic-related combustion, biomass/coke ovens, and coal combustion). Deterministic human health risk assessment and Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis suggested that total carcinogenic risks for adults and children exceed the United States Environmental Protection Agency benchmark (1 × 10–6). Source-oriented risk modeling further indicated that petrogenic and combustion-related sources are the main contributors to carcinogenic risk, although their relative importance differed between PMF and APCS-MLR. This study provides an integrated framework for PAC source tracing and health risk assessment in mining-impacted regions and supports targeted pollution control and management.