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<p>Biomass-derived carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were integrated with TiO<sub>2</sub> nanorods to enhance visible-light photocatalytic performance. Photocatalytic performance was evaluated for the degradation of an organic dye and removal of a heavy metal under visible-light irradiation; the incorporation of C-CQDs reduced the band gap of TiO<sub>2</sub> nanorods from 3.11&#xa0;eV to 2.84&#xa0;eV, resulting in enhanced photocatalytic performance with 88.04% dye degradation and 88.39% Cr(VI) reduction. In addition, the hybrid photocatalyst showed enhanced antimicrobial activity against <i>Escherichia coli</i> compared with pristine TiO<sub>2</sub>, while cytotoxicity assays confirmed acceptable biocompatibility. The C-CQDs/TNRs photocatalyst retained more than 95% of its initial activity after three consecutive reuse cycles, demonstrating excellent stability and reusability. This work demonstrates a promising biomass-to-functional-nanomaterial pathway for multifunctional photocatalytic systems, offering potential for wastewater treatment and microbial disinfection applications.</p>

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Solar-active biogenic CQD-TiO2 nanorods: toward safe and efficient water treatment systems

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月7日

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  • Melek Koç Keşir,
  • Elif Ayazoglu Demir,
  • Mahmut Deniz Yılmaz

摘要

Biomass-derived carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were integrated with TiO2 nanorods to enhance visible-light photocatalytic performance. Photocatalytic performance was evaluated for the degradation of an organic dye and removal of a heavy metal under visible-light irradiation; the incorporation of C-CQDs reduced the band gap of TiO2 nanorods from 3.11 eV to 2.84 eV, resulting in enhanced photocatalytic performance with 88.04% dye degradation and 88.39% Cr(VI) reduction. In addition, the hybrid photocatalyst showed enhanced antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli compared with pristine TiO2, while cytotoxicity assays confirmed acceptable biocompatibility. The C-CQDs/TNRs photocatalyst retained more than 95% of its initial activity after three consecutive reuse cycles, demonstrating excellent stability and reusability. This work demonstrates a promising biomass-to-functional-nanomaterial pathway for multifunctional photocatalytic systems, offering potential for wastewater treatment and microbial disinfection applications.