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<p>The contamination of arsenic (As) in paddy soils poses severe risks to rice safety and human health. This study investigated the efficacy of foliar application of chitosan nanocomposite (ChNPs) in mitigating As translocation and modulating rhizosphere in rice under As contaminated soil conditions. Experiments revealed that ChNPs significantly reduced As accumulation in roots, stems, and grains by 12.22, 15.54, and 34.78% compared to untreated controls, respectively, while increasing As concentration in leaves and nodes by 6.35–15.33% and 9.54–18.90%. This indicates that ChNPs effectively restricted As translocation to the edible grains. The intervention also enhanced the plant’s antioxidant defense, evidenced by increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content in roots, alongside elevated glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT) levels in leaves. Simultaneously, ChNPs enhanced the formation of iron plaques (IP) on root surfaces, increasing the sequestration of As, iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn) by 21.48, 28.39, and 51.82%, respectively. Concurrently, the concentrations of Fe, Mn, and As in the rhizosphere soil have increased, whereas the concentrations of these elements in the pore water have decreased. This dual function of ChNPs provides a sustainable strategy for reducing As bioavailability in rice agroecosystems.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Foliar application of chitosan nanocomposites alters arsenic translocation in rice, reducing grain accumulation through enhanced iron plaque formation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月10日

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  • Zhiliang Chen,
  • Jiayi Yang,
  • Mengqiang Sun,
  • Yutang Xiao

摘要

The contamination of arsenic (As) in paddy soils poses severe risks to rice safety and human health. This study investigated the efficacy of foliar application of chitosan nanocomposite (ChNPs) in mitigating As translocation and modulating rhizosphere in rice under As contaminated soil conditions. Experiments revealed that ChNPs significantly reduced As accumulation in roots, stems, and grains by 12.22, 15.54, and 34.78% compared to untreated controls, respectively, while increasing As concentration in leaves and nodes by 6.35–15.33% and 9.54–18.90%. This indicates that ChNPs effectively restricted As translocation to the edible grains. The intervention also enhanced the plant’s antioxidant defense, evidenced by increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content in roots, alongside elevated glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT) levels in leaves. Simultaneously, ChNPs enhanced the formation of iron plaques (IP) on root surfaces, increasing the sequestration of As, iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn) by 21.48, 28.39, and 51.82%, respectively. Concurrently, the concentrations of Fe, Mn, and As in the rhizosphere soil have increased, whereas the concentrations of these elements in the pore water have decreased. This dual function of ChNPs provides a sustainable strategy for reducing As bioavailability in rice agroecosystems.

Graphical abstract