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<p>A total of 18 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed in 122 urban soil samples collected from Lanzhou (n = 54) and Urumqi (n = 68) in Northwest China for their sources and ecological and health risks based on positive matrix factorization and Monte Carlo simulation. The total concentration of 18 PAHs (∑<sub>18</sub>PAHs) in Lanzhou and Urumqi ranged from 39.1 to 6584 and 4.98 to 4690&#xa0;ng/g, averaged as 863 and 489&#xa0;ng/g, and dominated by 3-, 4-, and 5-ring PAHs. Higher ∑<sub>18</sub>PAHs mainly distributed in the east, west and middle parts of Lanzhou as well as northeast and west parts of Urumqi. PAHs in Lanzhou and Urumqi originated from vehicle emissions (69.2% and 60.0%), coal/biomass combustion (16.9% and 28.7%), and mixed sources (13.9% and 11.3%). Probabilistic risk assessment indicated that pyrene and benzo[b]fluoranthene exhibited higher ecological risks. PAHs had relatively high carcinogenic risk for adults and adolescents. Source-oriented risk assessment revealed vehicle emissions as primary contributors to ecological risk (53.3% and 53.8%) and carcinogenic risk (55.9% and 55.3%), necessitating priority control. The exposure of PAHs significantly impacted human respiratory system. The current research results provide certain scientific support for the prevention control of pollution and risk of PAHs.</p>

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Sources and ecological and health risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban soil of industrial cities based on positive matrix factorization and Monte Carlo simulation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月6日

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  • Yaru Zhang,
  • Lijun Wang,
  • Tong Zhang

摘要

A total of 18 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed in 122 urban soil samples collected from Lanzhou (n = 54) and Urumqi (n = 68) in Northwest China for their sources and ecological and health risks based on positive matrix factorization and Monte Carlo simulation. The total concentration of 18 PAHs (∑18PAHs) in Lanzhou and Urumqi ranged from 39.1 to 6584 and 4.98 to 4690 ng/g, averaged as 863 and 489 ng/g, and dominated by 3-, 4-, and 5-ring PAHs. Higher ∑18PAHs mainly distributed in the east, west and middle parts of Lanzhou as well as northeast and west parts of Urumqi. PAHs in Lanzhou and Urumqi originated from vehicle emissions (69.2% and 60.0%), coal/biomass combustion (16.9% and 28.7%), and mixed sources (13.9% and 11.3%). Probabilistic risk assessment indicated that pyrene and benzo[b]fluoranthene exhibited higher ecological risks. PAHs had relatively high carcinogenic risk for adults and adolescents. Source-oriented risk assessment revealed vehicle emissions as primary contributors to ecological risk (53.3% and 53.8%) and carcinogenic risk (55.9% and 55.3%), necessitating priority control. The exposure of PAHs significantly impacted human respiratory system. The current research results provide certain scientific support for the prevention control of pollution and risk of PAHs.