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<p>The growing depletion of water quality has triggered rising concerns in the need for quality assessment mainly for human consumption and agriculture. This study was conducted in a part of the Lower Amaravathi River sub-basin, Karur, to assess the groundwater quality. A set of 78 groundwater samples was collected in the pre–monsoon season, 55 from bore wells and 23 from open wells. The pH of all samples falls within the desirable range of 6.5–8.5. Most physical and chemical parameters are found in moderate to high concentrations due to the geogenic and anthropogenic sources of effluent from textile and agricultural processes, except for nitrate. Water Quality Index (WQI) based on WHO and BIS standards implies that the entire study area has poor to unsuitable conditions of drinking water quality. Correlation analysis shows the significant ion relationships, particularly among Ca–Mg &amp; Ca–Cl, Mg–Cl, Mg–NO3, Na–Cl, Cl–NO3, Ca–NO3, and Na–K. As per the USSL diagram, 53% of samples show high salinity, and 47% of the samples had very high salinity with low to moderate Na + hazard. The Wilcox classification displays that only 24% of the samples are categorized in the good to permissible category for irrigation. Deneen's diagram indicates that 82% of the samples reached the good condition for irrigation due to having a permeability index of more than 75% of maximum permeability. The finding highlights the need for water quality mitigation measures and sustainable monitoring practices to manage and improve groundwater conditions in the present study region.</p>

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Evaluation of groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation purposes in a part of the Lower Amaravathi River Sub-basin, Karur, Tamil Nadu, India using water quality indices and geospatial technology

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月4日

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  • E Poovizhi,
  • G Nanthakumar,
  • V Arun Bharathi

摘要

The growing depletion of water quality has triggered rising concerns in the need for quality assessment mainly for human consumption and agriculture. This study was conducted in a part of the Lower Amaravathi River sub-basin, Karur, to assess the groundwater quality. A set of 78 groundwater samples was collected in the pre–monsoon season, 55 from bore wells and 23 from open wells. The pH of all samples falls within the desirable range of 6.5–8.5. Most physical and chemical parameters are found in moderate to high concentrations due to the geogenic and anthropogenic sources of effluent from textile and agricultural processes, except for nitrate. Water Quality Index (WQI) based on WHO and BIS standards implies that the entire study area has poor to unsuitable conditions of drinking water quality. Correlation analysis shows the significant ion relationships, particularly among Ca–Mg & Ca–Cl, Mg–Cl, Mg–NO3, Na–Cl, Cl–NO3, Ca–NO3, and Na–K. As per the USSL diagram, 53% of samples show high salinity, and 47% of the samples had very high salinity with low to moderate Na + hazard. The Wilcox classification displays that only 24% of the samples are categorized in the good to permissible category for irrigation. Deneen's diagram indicates that 82% of the samples reached the good condition for irrigation due to having a permeability index of more than 75% of maximum permeability. The finding highlights the need for water quality mitigation measures and sustainable monitoring practices to manage and improve groundwater conditions in the present study region.