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<p>This study evaluates the potential human health risks of environmental pollutant loads carried by consumption of roach (<i>Rutilus rutilus</i>, Linnaeus, 1758), a bioindicator of environmental pollution from the Cyprinidae family in freshwater systems. We analyzed the concentrations of 26 potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the muscle, gills, and liver, and 18 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in the muscle of roach originating from reservoirs (artificial lakes) with different uses (power generation and water supply) and anthropogenic impacts. Elemental concentrations were compared to maximum allowable concentrations and used to calculate pollution indices, including the metal pollution index and liver/muscle Hg index, health risk and benefit indices (target hazard quotient—THQ, target cancer risk—TR, Se:Hg, Na:K, and Ca:Mg ratios), and contributions of selected trace elements and macronutrients in roach meat. Additionally, the condition factor and histopathology were applied as biomarkers. The results showed that element accumulation varied between sites and tissues, with muscle tissue having the lowest pollution load and gills being the most exposed. OCP concentrations were below the maximum residue levels at all sites. Health risk and benefit indices determined no significant risks from the consumption of roach meat. The biomarker analysis showed diverse results with regard to pollutant accumulation. The highest anthropogenic pressure was observed in reservoirs used for power generation. Additionally, reservoirs at higher elevations were less polluted compared to reservoirs at lower elevations. Overall, the study suggests that the roach is a suitable bioindicator of environmental pollution.</p>

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Comparison of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) levels in Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus, 1758) sampled from different reservoirs in terms of human health risk due to consumption

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月30日

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  • Emilija Stanković,
  • Jasmina Krpo-Ćetković,
  • Božidar Rašković,
  • Vesna Poleksić,
  • Aleksandra Tasić,
  • Stefan Skorić,
  • Dušan Nikolić

摘要

This study evaluates the potential human health risks of environmental pollutant loads carried by consumption of roach (Rutilus rutilus, Linnaeus, 1758), a bioindicator of environmental pollution from the Cyprinidae family in freshwater systems. We analyzed the concentrations of 26 potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the muscle, gills, and liver, and 18 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in the muscle of roach originating from reservoirs (artificial lakes) with different uses (power generation and water supply) and anthropogenic impacts. Elemental concentrations were compared to maximum allowable concentrations and used to calculate pollution indices, including the metal pollution index and liver/muscle Hg index, health risk and benefit indices (target hazard quotient—THQ, target cancer risk—TR, Se:Hg, Na:K, and Ca:Mg ratios), and contributions of selected trace elements and macronutrients in roach meat. Additionally, the condition factor and histopathology were applied as biomarkers. The results showed that element accumulation varied between sites and tissues, with muscle tissue having the lowest pollution load and gills being the most exposed. OCP concentrations were below the maximum residue levels at all sites. Health risk and benefit indices determined no significant risks from the consumption of roach meat. The biomarker analysis showed diverse results with regard to pollutant accumulation. The highest anthropogenic pressure was observed in reservoirs used for power generation. Additionally, reservoirs at higher elevations were less polluted compared to reservoirs at lower elevations. Overall, the study suggests that the roach is a suitable bioindicator of environmental pollution.