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<p>Rising environmental pollution poses a significant threat to bat populations worldwide, raising serious ecological and conservation concerns. Here, we present the first assessment of cytogenotoxic stress responses in cave-dwelling insectivorous bats from the karst island of Cat Ba in northern Vietnam, in relation to anthropogenic pollution. The study aimed to evaluate the association between exposure to heavy metals (HMs) and DNA damage, as well as blood alterations in bats, using minimally -invasive biomarkers. We applied an integrated approach combining three indicators: HM accumulation in guano (a hallmark of exposure), micronucleus (MN) frequency (a measure of genotoxicity), and the polychromatic-to-normochromatic erythrocyte (PCEs/NCES) ratio (a measure of cytotoxicity). Guano-derived cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) levels correlated strongly with genotoxic markers, confirming guano as a reliable indicator of HM contamination at the population level. Species- and site- specific cytogenotoxic responses to HM stress were manifested through the formation of MNs and the reduction of the PCEs/NCEs ratio, signifying the presence of DNA damage, suppression of bone marrow activity, and disruption of erythropoiesis. Combining guano chemistry with cytogenotoxic biomarkers provides a sensitive and non-invasive tool for monitoring environmental stress in bat populations in karst ecosystems.</p>

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Cytogenotoxic stress response in cave-dwelling bats: a pilot study from Vietnam

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月24日

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  • Heliana Dundarova,
  • Tsenka Chassovnikarova,
  • Vesela Mitkovska,
  • Michaela Beltcheva,
  • Iliana Aleksieva,
  • Hoang Van Hien,
  • Nguyen Thi Phuong Trang,
  • Hoang Trung Thanh,
  • Le Thi My Thanh,
  • Nguyen Duc Hiep,
  • Nguyen Thanh Luong,
  • Vu Dinh Thong

摘要

Rising environmental pollution poses a significant threat to bat populations worldwide, raising serious ecological and conservation concerns. Here, we present the first assessment of cytogenotoxic stress responses in cave-dwelling insectivorous bats from the karst island of Cat Ba in northern Vietnam, in relation to anthropogenic pollution. The study aimed to evaluate the association between exposure to heavy metals (HMs) and DNA damage, as well as blood alterations in bats, using minimally -invasive biomarkers. We applied an integrated approach combining three indicators: HM accumulation in guano (a hallmark of exposure), micronucleus (MN) frequency (a measure of genotoxicity), and the polychromatic-to-normochromatic erythrocyte (PCEs/NCES) ratio (a measure of cytotoxicity). Guano-derived cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) levels correlated strongly with genotoxic markers, confirming guano as a reliable indicator of HM contamination at the population level. Species- and site- specific cytogenotoxic responses to HM stress were manifested through the formation of MNs and the reduction of the PCEs/NCEs ratio, signifying the presence of DNA damage, suppression of bone marrow activity, and disruption of erythropoiesis. Combining guano chemistry with cytogenotoxic biomarkers provides a sensitive and non-invasive tool for monitoring environmental stress in bat populations in karst ecosystems.