<p>This mixed-methods evaluation study assesses the process and impacts of a multi-year program offering categorical eligibility for child care subsidies to all child care workers with young children regardless of income. This study conducted three focus groups with urban and rural child care directors and staff and surveyed 62 child care providers. Qualitative findings revealed that recipients utilized subsidies to meet their basic needs and enhance their quality of life. Administrators used subsidies for workforce recruitment, retention, and quality investments. The program particularly benefited child care professionals earning just above traditional assistance thresholds. Participants noted systematic administrative barriers to accessing the program. They expressed concerns that discontinuing the program could lead to a multi-level crisis affecting families, child care centers, the early care profession, and the education system. Quantitative findings also showed that while some recipients experienced inconsistencies during the application process, many child care staff benefited from discounted child care. Although half of the survey participants wanted to continue in their roles and received professional support, about half planned to leave their positions within a few years. These patterns reflect the everyday challenges of low wages, minimal benefits, and high turnover rates in early care. Overall, the categorical eligibility program benefits the child care workforce. Future program implementation should refine the application process, enhance communication, and expand support for vulnerable populations.</p>

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The Subsidy Squeeze: How Child Care Providers Experience Benefits, Barriers, and the Eligibility Cliff in Categorical Programs

  • Dan Wang,
  • Amber H. Beisly,
  • Sarah E. Connelly,
  • Courtney Dewhirst,
  • Lisa White

摘要

This mixed-methods evaluation study assesses the process and impacts of a multi-year program offering categorical eligibility for child care subsidies to all child care workers with young children regardless of income. This study conducted three focus groups with urban and rural child care directors and staff and surveyed 62 child care providers. Qualitative findings revealed that recipients utilized subsidies to meet their basic needs and enhance their quality of life. Administrators used subsidies for workforce recruitment, retention, and quality investments. The program particularly benefited child care professionals earning just above traditional assistance thresholds. Participants noted systematic administrative barriers to accessing the program. They expressed concerns that discontinuing the program could lead to a multi-level crisis affecting families, child care centers, the early care profession, and the education system. Quantitative findings also showed that while some recipients experienced inconsistencies during the application process, many child care staff benefited from discounted child care. Although half of the survey participants wanted to continue in their roles and received professional support, about half planned to leave their positions within a few years. These patterns reflect the everyday challenges of low wages, minimal benefits, and high turnover rates in early care. Overall, the categorical eligibility program benefits the child care workforce. Future program implementation should refine the application process, enhance communication, and expand support for vulnerable populations.