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<p>Studies indicate that early digital use can adversely affect preschoolers’ digital well-being. However, the relationship between digital use and preschoolers’ digital well-being may be more complex, as preschoolers can experience both beneficial and risky aspects of digital engagement. Guided by a strength-based perspective and a balanced view of digital well-being, this study utilized stratified sampling to survey 2,432 parents of young children across six provinces in China. Through Latent Profile Analysis (LPA), four distinct profiles of preschoolers’ digital well-being were identified: Minimal Users (5.7%), Functional Users (43%), Vulnerable Users (34.7%), and Heavy-risk Users (16.7%). Additionally, the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that children scoring above 29.5 on the <i>Problematic Media Use Measure Short Form</i> (PMUM-SF) had a high likelihood of being classified as heavy-risk users. Notably, digital use’s nature (rather than ‘time’) showed significant associations with preschoolers’ digital well-being. Specifically, increased engagement in entertainment-related digital activities was linked to a higher probability of being classified as either heavy-risk users or Vulnerable Users, whereas greater involvement in creative digital activities corresponded with a reduced likelihood of being categorized as heavy-risk users. The implications of these findings are discussed in detail.</p>

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Digital Activities, not Screen Time, Associated with Preschoolers’ Well-being: Evidence from China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月22日

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  • Simin Cao,
  • Hui Li

摘要

Studies indicate that early digital use can adversely affect preschoolers’ digital well-being. However, the relationship between digital use and preschoolers’ digital well-being may be more complex, as preschoolers can experience both beneficial and risky aspects of digital engagement. Guided by a strength-based perspective and a balanced view of digital well-being, this study utilized stratified sampling to survey 2,432 parents of young children across six provinces in China. Through Latent Profile Analysis (LPA), four distinct profiles of preschoolers’ digital well-being were identified: Minimal Users (5.7%), Functional Users (43%), Vulnerable Users (34.7%), and Heavy-risk Users (16.7%). Additionally, the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that children scoring above 29.5 on the Problematic Media Use Measure Short Form (PMUM-SF) had a high likelihood of being classified as heavy-risk users. Notably, digital use’s nature (rather than ‘time’) showed significant associations with preschoolers’ digital well-being. Specifically, increased engagement in entertainment-related digital activities was linked to a higher probability of being classified as either heavy-risk users or Vulnerable Users, whereas greater involvement in creative digital activities corresponded with a reduced likelihood of being categorized as heavy-risk users. The implications of these findings are discussed in detail.