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<p>Coastal mangrove forests in the Irrawaddy Delta are crucial nursery grounds but are severely threatened by rapid agricultural land-use conversion. The explicit objectives of this study were to quantify the impact of this habitat conversion on estuarine fish assemblages and to evaluate how local environmental variables influence species distribution. We compared fish assemblages across 24 sites in the Bogale and Pyapon townships, utilizing generalized linear latent variable models (GLLVMs), NMDS, and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) in 2022. This study documented 76 fish species, but overall mean occupancy was low (18.5%), with total abundance dominated by core species like <i>Mystus gulio</i> and <i>Oryzias dancena</i>. Our analysis indicated that while elevation strongly correlates with overall community structure (NMDS correlation 0.75), land use serves as the overriding, statistically significant determinant of species richness (<i>β</i> 5.99, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). HCA confirmed a clear division of assemblages aligning directly with land-use classification. Mangrove sites consistently supported significantly higher species richness, demonstrating that anthropogenic modification acts as a strong selective filter that simplifies the community structure. A limitation of this study is the restriction of sampling to the pre-monsoon dry season, which precludes the assessment of monsoon-driven seasonal dynamics. Ultimately, our findings highlight that human-driven land-use changes fundamentally override natural physiographic gradients in determining local biodiversity. We conclude that effective conservation requires prioritizing the protection of mangrove connectivity and implementing riparian buffers in agricultural zones.</p>

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Interactive drivers of fish assemblage structure in the Irrawaddy Delta mangroves: the disparate influence of physiography and land use

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月4日

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  • Ko Ko Tun Thwin,
  • Thaung Naing Oo,
  • Xiao Yong Chen

摘要

Coastal mangrove forests in the Irrawaddy Delta are crucial nursery grounds but are severely threatened by rapid agricultural land-use conversion. The explicit objectives of this study were to quantify the impact of this habitat conversion on estuarine fish assemblages and to evaluate how local environmental variables influence species distribution. We compared fish assemblages across 24 sites in the Bogale and Pyapon townships, utilizing generalized linear latent variable models (GLLVMs), NMDS, and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) in 2022. This study documented 76 fish species, but overall mean occupancy was low (18.5%), with total abundance dominated by core species like Mystus gulio and Oryzias dancena. Our analysis indicated that while elevation strongly correlates with overall community structure (NMDS correlation 0.75), land use serves as the overriding, statistically significant determinant of species richness (β 5.99, p < 0.001). HCA confirmed a clear division of assemblages aligning directly with land-use classification. Mangrove sites consistently supported significantly higher species richness, demonstrating that anthropogenic modification acts as a strong selective filter that simplifies the community structure. A limitation of this study is the restriction of sampling to the pre-monsoon dry season, which precludes the assessment of monsoon-driven seasonal dynamics. Ultimately, our findings highlight that human-driven land-use changes fundamentally override natural physiographic gradients in determining local biodiversity. We conclude that effective conservation requires prioritizing the protection of mangrove connectivity and implementing riparian buffers in agricultural zones.