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<p>Seasonal variation in the foraging of the endangered dwarf spined loach, <i>Cobitis minamorii tokaiensis</i>, was examined by analyzing gut contents and benthic samples collected from its habitat in the Tokai region, central Japan, between late spring and late autumn (May–October). Existing research on the foraging of <i>Cobitis</i> spp. mainly focuses on species in European countries and South Korea, whereas such studies remain scarce for Japanese species. Although the species appears to be a trophic generalist based on its consumption of both animal and plant materials, it shows strong specialization for benthic particulate foods ranging from 0.10 to 0.30&#xa0;mm in the longest diameter, including Arcellinida, Chydoridae, Unionid glochidia, and <i>Juncus</i> spp. seeds. Additionally, it exhibits opportunistic foraging behavior, as indicated by the seasonal consistency between prey composition and environmental availability. These findings suggest that the year-round availability of particulate food items sized 0.10–0.30&#xa0;mm may be critical for sustaining populations of this species.</p>

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Seasonal variation in the prey composition of dwarf spined loach (Cobitis minamorii tokaiensis) in the Tokai region, central Japan

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月11日

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  • Hikaru Nakagawa,
  • Terutaka Mori

摘要

Seasonal variation in the foraging of the endangered dwarf spined loach, Cobitis minamorii tokaiensis, was examined by analyzing gut contents and benthic samples collected from its habitat in the Tokai region, central Japan, between late spring and late autumn (May–October). Existing research on the foraging of Cobitis spp. mainly focuses on species in European countries and South Korea, whereas such studies remain scarce for Japanese species. Although the species appears to be a trophic generalist based on its consumption of both animal and plant materials, it shows strong specialization for benthic particulate foods ranging from 0.10 to 0.30 mm in the longest diameter, including Arcellinida, Chydoridae, Unionid glochidia, and Juncus spp. seeds. Additionally, it exhibits opportunistic foraging behavior, as indicated by the seasonal consistency between prey composition and environmental availability. These findings suggest that the year-round availability of particulate food items sized 0.10–0.30 mm may be critical for sustaining populations of this species.