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Background <p>Nationwide trends in the incidence and prevalence of acute pancreatitis (AP), a leading cause of gastrointestinal hospitalization in the United States (US), remain insufficiently characterized. This study aims to describe the temporal trends in the incidence and prevalence of AP, as well as by etiology, in the US from 1995 to 2024.</p> Methods <p>Adults with AP were identified using TriNetX, a database encompassing over 120 million US individuals, between 1995 and 2024, using ICD-9 and ICD-10-CM codes. Etiologies were identified using ICD-10-CM codes from 2016. Annual age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) and prevalence rates (ASPR) per 100,000 persons standardized to the 2000 US census population were calculated. Joinpoint regression identified temporal changes in ASIRs and ASPRs, reporting annual percentage changes (APCs) and average APCs (AAPCs), along with 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs). Interrupted time-series analysis assessed the impact of key events on AP trends.</p> Results <p>Between 1995 and 2024, 558,264 AP cases were identified. ASIR increased from 23.05 per 100,000 in 1999 to 116.69 per 100,000 in 2024 (AAPC 4.81%; 95%CI, 3.95–5.69; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), while ASPR rose from 68.52 per 100,000 in 1995 to 615.72 per 100,000 in 2024 (AAPC 6.66%; 95%CI, 6.23–7.08; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Rates were consistently higher in males, although AAPCs were similar across sexes. Incidence of alcohol-induced AP increased significantly since 2016, particularly among females, while drug-induced, gallstone, and idiopathic etiologies remained stable.</p> Conclusions <p>The incidence and prevalence of AP in the US rose substantially over three decades. Alcohol-induced AP is the only etiology with a significant increase in incidence regardless of sex.</p>

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Trends in Incidence and Prevalence of Acute Pancreatitis in the United States: A Population-Based Analysis from 1995 to 2024

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月27日

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  • Daniel Martin Simadibrata,
  • Zaid Al-Fakhouri,
  • Laith Alomari,
  • Richard C. K. Wong

摘要

Background

Nationwide trends in the incidence and prevalence of acute pancreatitis (AP), a leading cause of gastrointestinal hospitalization in the United States (US), remain insufficiently characterized. This study aims to describe the temporal trends in the incidence and prevalence of AP, as well as by etiology, in the US from 1995 to 2024.

Methods

Adults with AP were identified using TriNetX, a database encompassing over 120 million US individuals, between 1995 and 2024, using ICD-9 and ICD-10-CM codes. Etiologies were identified using ICD-10-CM codes from 2016. Annual age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) and prevalence rates (ASPR) per 100,000 persons standardized to the 2000 US census population were calculated. Joinpoint regression identified temporal changes in ASIRs and ASPRs, reporting annual percentage changes (APCs) and average APCs (AAPCs), along with 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs). Interrupted time-series analysis assessed the impact of key events on AP trends.

Results

Between 1995 and 2024, 558,264 AP cases were identified. ASIR increased from 23.05 per 100,000 in 1999 to 116.69 per 100,000 in 2024 (AAPC 4.81%; 95%CI, 3.95–5.69; p < 0.001), while ASPR rose from 68.52 per 100,000 in 1995 to 615.72 per 100,000 in 2024 (AAPC 6.66%; 95%CI, 6.23–7.08; p < 0.001). Rates were consistently higher in males, although AAPCs were similar across sexes. Incidence of alcohol-induced AP increased significantly since 2016, particularly among females, while drug-induced, gallstone, and idiopathic etiologies remained stable.

Conclusions

The incidence and prevalence of AP in the US rose substantially over three decades. Alcohol-induced AP is the only etiology with a significant increase in incidence regardless of sex.