Background <p>The discrimination of mucinous from serous pancreatic cysts and pseudocysts is an important clinical issue. We aimed to investigate the possibility of using our LeLISA test for distinguishing between different types of pancreatic cysts.</p> Materials and Methods <p>The LeLISA is a special type of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), where a lectin (Le) replaces the catching antibody. Eight different randomly selected lectins were used for coating microwells and subsequently incubated with pancreatic cyst fluids collected via endoscopic ultrasound fine needle aspiration from patients with mucinous cysts, serous cysts, and pseudocysts, 10 patients in each group. The binding of Muc/Cp to lectins was demonstrated by the method, where cyst fluids were incubated in microwells coated with different types of lectins followed by enzyme (Horseradish peroxidase) labeled monoclonal anti-Cp.</p> Results <p>Muc/Cp in cyst fluids was bound to several of the 8 lectins tested, in particular to <i>Galanthus nivalis, Agaricus blazei</i> Murill, and <i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i>. This was especially noticed for fluids from mucin-producing cysts. The fluid from the serous cysts had a lower optical density than the other cysts (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001).</p> Conclusions <p>The LeLISA method for differentiation of pancreatic cyst content shows promising results, in particular for the detection of content in serous cysts.</p>