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<p>This study employs a dynamic network slack-based measure data envelopment analysis (SBM-DEA) model to evaluate the environmental and health efficiency of European Union countries. By integrating industrial, agricultural, and health sectors, the framework captures cross-sectoral linkages critical to sustainable economic development. Using panel data from 2015 to 2020, the analysis reveals significant disparities: the health sector generally achieves high efficiency, while the agricultural sector, particularly in Central and Eastern Europe, lags considerably. Industrial efficiency demonstrates volatility yet contributes to overall improvements in environmental performance. The study further highlights the negative spillover effects of carbon and ammonia emissions from production on public health outcomes. To address these challenges, five policy recommendations are proposed: (1) optimizing agricultural resource allocation, (2) promoting industrial structural adjustments, (3) strengthening carbon emission controls, (4) establishing benchmarking platforms for cross-country efficiency comparisons, and (5) implementing EU-level performance-based incentives. This research advances a novel multi-stage, cross-sectoral evaluation approach and provides valuable insights for fostering a resilient and equitable “well-being economy” in the EU. The findings underscore the importance of aligning environmental sustainability and public health priorities within economic growth strategies, offering a practical foundation for evidence-based policymaking.</p>

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Assessing Environmental and Health Efficiency for Sustainable Development of European Union Countries

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月7日

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  • I-Fang Lin,
  • Pao-Yu Tang,
  • Yung-Ho Chiu,
  • Tai-Yu Lin

摘要

This study employs a dynamic network slack-based measure data envelopment analysis (SBM-DEA) model to evaluate the environmental and health efficiency of European Union countries. By integrating industrial, agricultural, and health sectors, the framework captures cross-sectoral linkages critical to sustainable economic development. Using panel data from 2015 to 2020, the analysis reveals significant disparities: the health sector generally achieves high efficiency, while the agricultural sector, particularly in Central and Eastern Europe, lags considerably. Industrial efficiency demonstrates volatility yet contributes to overall improvements in environmental performance. The study further highlights the negative spillover effects of carbon and ammonia emissions from production on public health outcomes. To address these challenges, five policy recommendations are proposed: (1) optimizing agricultural resource allocation, (2) promoting industrial structural adjustments, (3) strengthening carbon emission controls, (4) establishing benchmarking platforms for cross-country efficiency comparisons, and (5) implementing EU-level performance-based incentives. This research advances a novel multi-stage, cross-sectoral evaluation approach and provides valuable insights for fostering a resilient and equitable “well-being economy” in the EU. The findings underscore the importance of aligning environmental sustainability and public health priorities within economic growth strategies, offering a practical foundation for evidence-based policymaking.