Background <p>Recent research implicates appearance concerns as a transdiagnostic construct that is of clinical relevance. The present study sought to better characterize these broad appearance concerns by examining diagnostic and clinical differences among women high (<i>n</i> = 98) and low (<i>n</i> = 41) in these concerns.</p> Methods <p>Participants completed diagnostic assessments of body dysmorphic disorder, eating disorders, and social anxiety disorder, as well as assessments of clinical symptoms and theoretically relevant mechanisms.</p> Results <p>We found that women high in appearance concerns were significantly more likely to meet criteria for body dysmorphic disorder (55.1% vs. 0.0%), eating disorders (57.1% vs. 4.9%), and social anxiety disorder (74.5% vs. 7.3%) compared to those low in appearance concerns. Additionally, compared to the low appearance group, those with heightened appearance concerns reported greater symptoms of body dysmorphic disorder, eating disorders, and social anxiety disorder, as well as greater appearance importance and appearance-related safety behaviors, after controlling for co-occurring trait anxiety and depression.</p> Conclusions <p>Taken together, the present findings suggest that appearance concerns are a clinically important construct that is relevant to multiple psychiatric disorders.</p>