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Purpose <p>Despite extensive research examining the associations between sleep and depression, there is limited evidence on how emotion regulation (ER) may mitigate their day-to-day relationships. This study aimed to investigate whether ER repertoire, defined as the breadth of strategies a person can access, moderates the relationship between sleep quality and next-day depression during a collective stressful life event, the COVID-19 pandemic.</p> Methods <p>Data were drawn from 389 participants (14,457 observations) from the Boston College Daily Sleep and Well-Being Survey study. Participants completed baseline assessments of ER strategies (positive reappraisal, refocusing on planning, acceptance, putting into perspective, positive refocusing) and at least 20 daily diary entries reporting depression and prior-night sleep quality (awake time, sleep efficiency, and subjective difficulty with sleep). A novel computational formula was developed to quantify ER repertoire across multiple strategies. Multilevel modeling was used to examine within-person and between-person associations.</p> Results <p>Analyses indicated that next-day depression was associated with both within-person and between-person variations in sleep quality. ER repertoire moderated the between-person, but not within-person, associations between depression and two sleep variables (awake time and sleep efficiency). Individuals with a larger ER repertoire experienced greater emotional benefits from efficient sleep and were less adversely impacted by extended awake time.</p> Conclusions <p>Findings highlight the importance of targeting both sleep quality and ER repertoire in interventions designed to promote emotional well-being during adverse life events. Enhancing ER repertoire may strengthen resilience against the emotional consequences of poor sleep.</p>

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Emotion Regulation Repertoire Moderates the Association Between Sleep and Depression: A Daily Diary Study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月14日

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  • Mark Shuquan Chen,
  • Spencer Xinyi Zhang,
  • Sophia J. D. Capellini,
  • Kiyan Irani,
  • C. Aubrey Rhodes,
  • Tony J. Cunningham,
  • George A. Bonanno

摘要

Purpose

Despite extensive research examining the associations between sleep and depression, there is limited evidence on how emotion regulation (ER) may mitigate their day-to-day relationships. This study aimed to investigate whether ER repertoire, defined as the breadth of strategies a person can access, moderates the relationship between sleep quality and next-day depression during a collective stressful life event, the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

Data were drawn from 389 participants (14,457 observations) from the Boston College Daily Sleep and Well-Being Survey study. Participants completed baseline assessments of ER strategies (positive reappraisal, refocusing on planning, acceptance, putting into perspective, positive refocusing) and at least 20 daily diary entries reporting depression and prior-night sleep quality (awake time, sleep efficiency, and subjective difficulty with sleep). A novel computational formula was developed to quantify ER repertoire across multiple strategies. Multilevel modeling was used to examine within-person and between-person associations.

Results

Analyses indicated that next-day depression was associated with both within-person and between-person variations in sleep quality. ER repertoire moderated the between-person, but not within-person, associations between depression and two sleep variables (awake time and sleep efficiency). Individuals with a larger ER repertoire experienced greater emotional benefits from efficient sleep and were less adversely impacted by extended awake time.

Conclusions

Findings highlight the importance of targeting both sleep quality and ER repertoire in interventions designed to promote emotional well-being during adverse life events. Enhancing ER repertoire may strengthen resilience against the emotional consequences of poor sleep.