Mineral dissolution in fractured formations plays a pivotal role in subsurface processes spanning geothermal energy exploitation and geological carbon storage, wherein wormhole development critically governs permeability enhancement via conductive flow pathways. The influence of fractal dimension ( \({f}_{D}\) ), which quantifies surface morphological complexity, on dissolution regime dynamics remains inadequately characterized. This study bridges this knowledge gap through integrated discrete Fourier transformation-based generation of self-affine fractures ( \({f}_{D}\) = 2.2, 2.4, 2.6) and three-dimensional lattice Boltzmann simulations of reactive transport across a wide range of Péclet (Pe) and Damköhler (Da) numbers. We identify three sub-regimes: inlet-concentrated regimes, transitional regimes, and dispersive regimes by employing aperture variance to quantify. Generally, as the fractal dimension increases, the permeability alteration rate increases under identical Pe and Da conditions. At small Pe and high \({Da}_{II}\) conditions, the permeability evolution is governed by two competitive mechanisms, which results in the permeability not only show the fractal dimension dependence. Finally, the normalized porosity–permeability relationship empirical formula involving fractal dimension is established for the upscaling purpose.
