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<p>This study presents a simple and efficient strategy for imparting durable superhydrophobicity to cotton fabrics using fluorine-free telechelic polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS) functionalized with terminal alkoxysilyl groups. The main objective was to investigate how PDMS chain length influences surface wettability and to demonstrate that high hydrophobic performance can be achieved without fluorinated compounds or nanoparticle additives. Cotton fabrics were modified using a one-step dip-coating process followed by hydrolysis and condensation of the alkoxysilyl groups, enabling covalent bonding to the cellulose surface. The resulting coatings exhibited excellent water repellency with water contact angles (WCA) exceeding 140°, reaching a maximum of 151° for the PDMS containing 216 siloxane units. The coatings showed long-term droplet stability and retained their hydrophobicity after 10 washing cycles (WCA above 140°). SEM analysis revealed the formation of a uniform hydrophobic layer, while FT-IR, NMR, and SEM–EDS confirmed successful surface modification. Compared to typical fluorinated or nanoparticle-reinforced systems, this approach provides similar performance while offering clear advantages in terms of chemical simplicity, sustainability, and process scalability.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Superhydrophobic cotton fabrics due to the use of fluorine-free telechelic polydimethylsiloxanes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月19日

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  • Marcin Przybylak,
  • Mariusz Szołyga,
  • Agnieszka Dutkiewicz,
  • Hieronim Maciejewski

摘要

This study presents a simple and efficient strategy for imparting durable superhydrophobicity to cotton fabrics using fluorine-free telechelic polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS) functionalized with terminal alkoxysilyl groups. The main objective was to investigate how PDMS chain length influences surface wettability and to demonstrate that high hydrophobic performance can be achieved without fluorinated compounds or nanoparticle additives. Cotton fabrics were modified using a one-step dip-coating process followed by hydrolysis and condensation of the alkoxysilyl groups, enabling covalent bonding to the cellulose surface. The resulting coatings exhibited excellent water repellency with water contact angles (WCA) exceeding 140°, reaching a maximum of 151° for the PDMS containing 216 siloxane units. The coatings showed long-term droplet stability and retained their hydrophobicity after 10 washing cycles (WCA above 140°). SEM analysis revealed the formation of a uniform hydrophobic layer, while FT-IR, NMR, and SEM–EDS confirmed successful surface modification. Compared to typical fluorinated or nanoparticle-reinforced systems, this approach provides similar performance while offering clear advantages in terms of chemical simplicity, sustainability, and process scalability.

Graphical abstract