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<p>This study investigates the optimization of the mechanical properties of natural date palm fibers using a hybrid experimental–analytical framework. This optimization is critically necessary for enhancing the tensile strength, strain capacity, and stiffness of natural fibers to ensure reliable performance in sustainable composite materials. Three processing parameters were examined: fiber diameter, treatment time, and sodium hydroxide concentration. Fiber diameters of 300, 400, 500, and 600&#xa0;µm were tested, along with treatment times of 2, 4, 6, and 8&#xa0;h, and sodium hydroxide concentrations of 0.55%, 1.30%, 2.80%, and 4.30%. The Taguchi design of experiments method was used to structure the experimental plan, and the mechanical responses strain, tensile strength, and Young’s modulus, were experimentally measured. The optimal processing conditions yielded a maximum strain of 5.30%, tensile strength exceeding 258 megapascals, and Young’s modulus greater than 16.8 gigapascals. Analysis of variance indicated that treatment time was the most influential parameter, accounting for up to 50.1% of the variation in tensile strength. Regression models showed strong predictive capability, with coefficients of determination reaching 98.9% and predicted coefficients up to 92.7%. Grey relational analysis enabled multi-response optimization, providing a robust parameter combination that improved overall mechanical performance. Confirmation experiments validated the predictions, with results falling within 95% prediction intervals. The proposed integrated Taguchi–grey relational–finite difference sensitivity framework offers an effective strategy for optimizing the mechanical performance of date palm fibers. This approach provides practical guidelines for producing high-performance, sustainable natural fiber reinforcements suitable for composite engineering applications.</p>

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Hybrid optimization and predictive modeling of mechanical properties in treated natural palm fibers for high-performance biocomposites

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月29日

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  • Mohamed Fnides,
  • Salah Amroune,
  • Mohamed Slamani,
  • Borhen Louhichi,
  • Mohammad Jawaid,
  • Abdullah A. Elfar

摘要

This study investigates the optimization of the mechanical properties of natural date palm fibers using a hybrid experimental–analytical framework. This optimization is critically necessary for enhancing the tensile strength, strain capacity, and stiffness of natural fibers to ensure reliable performance in sustainable composite materials. Three processing parameters were examined: fiber diameter, treatment time, and sodium hydroxide concentration. Fiber diameters of 300, 400, 500, and 600 µm were tested, along with treatment times of 2, 4, 6, and 8 h, and sodium hydroxide concentrations of 0.55%, 1.30%, 2.80%, and 4.30%. The Taguchi design of experiments method was used to structure the experimental plan, and the mechanical responses strain, tensile strength, and Young’s modulus, were experimentally measured. The optimal processing conditions yielded a maximum strain of 5.30%, tensile strength exceeding 258 megapascals, and Young’s modulus greater than 16.8 gigapascals. Analysis of variance indicated that treatment time was the most influential parameter, accounting for up to 50.1% of the variation in tensile strength. Regression models showed strong predictive capability, with coefficients of determination reaching 98.9% and predicted coefficients up to 92.7%. Grey relational analysis enabled multi-response optimization, providing a robust parameter combination that improved overall mechanical performance. Confirmation experiments validated the predictions, with results falling within 95% prediction intervals. The proposed integrated Taguchi–grey relational–finite difference sensitivity framework offers an effective strategy for optimizing the mechanical performance of date palm fibers. This approach provides practical guidelines for producing high-performance, sustainable natural fiber reinforcements suitable for composite engineering applications.