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<p>Smart textiles with self-adaptive thermal-moisture regulation capabilities represent a pivotal advancement in personal thermal management.&#xa0;This study develops a temperature-responsive cotton fabric functionalized with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-polyethylene glycol methacrylate)@zinc oxide (PNE@ZnO) composite microgels for intelligent environmental adaptation.&#xa0;The PNE microgel was synthesized through emulsion polymerization using N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and polyethylene glycol methacrylate (EGMA) as co-monomers, followed by hydrogen-bond-mediated interfacial assembly of ZnO nanoparticles to form PNE@ZnO nanohybrids. Comprehensive characterization demonstrated that the optimized microgel (NIPAM/EGMA molar ratio 10:1) possesses well-defined morphology and pronounced temperature-responsiveness, showing 42.3% volumetric shrinkage above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST, 34&#xa0;°C)&#xa0;alongside a low glass transition temperature (T<sub>g</sub>, 53.7&#xa0;°C). The PNE@ZnO composite microgel was crosslinked onto cotton fabrics by 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) to ensure their durability. Remarkable thermoadaptive performance was evidenced by temperature-dependent permeability tests, heating from 25 to 40&#xa0;°C triggered an 8.2% increase in air permeability and 105.6% enhancement in moisture permeability. Concurrently, the engineered fabric demonstrated superior solar reflection and scattering capabilities, achieving a 5.3&#xa0;°C temperature reduction compared to untreated cotton fabric under solar irradiation. By synergistically coupling dynamic thermal-moisture regulation with passive radiative cooling, the dual-functional design establishes a platform for next-generation self-adaptive textiles. This work provides new insights into developing intelligent clothing systems that actively respond to environmental changes while maintaining energy-efficient thermal homeostasis.</p>

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PNE@ZnO nanohybrid functional cotton fabrics with temperature-responsive tunable thermal-moisture delivery

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月11日

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  • Liling Dong,
  • Yushuang Wang,
  • Hong Lin,
  • Yunhui Xu,
  • Siliang Liu,
  • Yan Zhou,
  • Ning Qi,
  • Desuo Zhang

摘要

Smart textiles with self-adaptive thermal-moisture regulation capabilities represent a pivotal advancement in personal thermal management. This study develops a temperature-responsive cotton fabric functionalized with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-polyethylene glycol methacrylate)@zinc oxide (PNE@ZnO) composite microgels for intelligent environmental adaptation. The PNE microgel was synthesized through emulsion polymerization using N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and polyethylene glycol methacrylate (EGMA) as co-monomers, followed by hydrogen-bond-mediated interfacial assembly of ZnO nanoparticles to form PNE@ZnO nanohybrids. Comprehensive characterization demonstrated that the optimized microgel (NIPAM/EGMA molar ratio 10:1) possesses well-defined morphology and pronounced temperature-responsiveness, showing 42.3% volumetric shrinkage above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST, 34 °C) alongside a low glass transition temperature (Tg, 53.7 °C). The PNE@ZnO composite microgel was crosslinked onto cotton fabrics by 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) to ensure their durability. Remarkable thermoadaptive performance was evidenced by temperature-dependent permeability tests, heating from 25 to 40 °C triggered an 8.2% increase in air permeability and 105.6% enhancement in moisture permeability. Concurrently, the engineered fabric demonstrated superior solar reflection and scattering capabilities, achieving a 5.3 °C temperature reduction compared to untreated cotton fabric under solar irradiation. By synergistically coupling dynamic thermal-moisture regulation with passive radiative cooling, the dual-functional design establishes a platform for next-generation self-adaptive textiles. This work provides new insights into developing intelligent clothing systems that actively respond to environmental changes while maintaining energy-efficient thermal homeostasis.