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<p>This study developed AgNP@BNC liquid SERS substrates using renewable BNC as a green template, addressing the limitations of conventional substrates in stability, eco-friendliness, and scenario adaptability. The three-dimensional nanofiber network of BNC provided uniform nucleation sites for the in-situ reduction of AgNPs and suppressed particle aggregation through physical confinement, generating high-density dynamic hot spots. AgNP@BNC-2 exhibited optimal performance at an analyte-to-substrate volume ratio of 2:1, achieving detection limits of 10⁻<sup>10</sup> M for probe molecules with an enhancement factor of 10<sup>8</sup>–10<sup>10</sup> and excellent signal reproducibility with RSD of 7.2%–7.6%. Finite-difference time-domain simulations have confirmed that the confinement effect of BNC significantly enhances the local electric field intensity in Ag NPs. In complex food matrices (coconut water, soda water), the substrate accurately identified trace sodium saccharin (≥ 10⁻<sup>7</sup>&#xa0;M, 0.0205&#xa0;mg/L). This work provides an innovative solution for the green design of liquid SERS substrates and rapid food safety screening.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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BNC-mediated multi-modal enhancement: plasmonic hotspots and dielectric confinement for ultrasensitive SERS detection of sodium saccharin in beverages

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月27日

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  • Yao Ding,
  • Aizhen Wei,
  • Chuanshuang Hu,
  • Yonghui Zhou,
  • Chenchen Wang,
  • Sihang Zhang,
  • Jichang Li,
  • Xi Lin,
  • Jiangtao Xu

摘要

This study developed AgNP@BNC liquid SERS substrates using renewable BNC as a green template, addressing the limitations of conventional substrates in stability, eco-friendliness, and scenario adaptability. The three-dimensional nanofiber network of BNC provided uniform nucleation sites for the in-situ reduction of AgNPs and suppressed particle aggregation through physical confinement, generating high-density dynamic hot spots. AgNP@BNC-2 exhibited optimal performance at an analyte-to-substrate volume ratio of 2:1, achieving detection limits of 10⁻10 M for probe molecules with an enhancement factor of 108–1010 and excellent signal reproducibility with RSD of 7.2%–7.6%. Finite-difference time-domain simulations have confirmed that the confinement effect of BNC significantly enhances the local electric field intensity in Ag NPs. In complex food matrices (coconut water, soda water), the substrate accurately identified trace sodium saccharin (≥ 10⁻7 M, 0.0205 mg/L). This work provides an innovative solution for the green design of liquid SERS substrates and rapid food safety screening.

Graphical abstract