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<p>Efficient and sustainable strategies are required to mitigate several environmental hazards that are caused by oil spill incidents. In this scenario, we developed hierarchical cotton nonwoven fabrics for oil spill cleanup using fly ash and n-octyltriethoxysilane (OTES). Fly ash particles were pulverized to reduce their average size to 560&#xa0;nm. It was observed that an increase in fly ash concentration up to 20%, led to higher areal density, fabric thickness, and add-on percentage, while reducing fabric porosity and mean pore size of the cotton nonwoven fabric. Surface characterization was done using SEM and FTIR, which confirmed the successful fly ash deposition and OTES coating. The OTES coating led to the creation of a hydrophobic cotton surface with a water contact angle (WCA) of 128.05°. Further deposition of fly ash particles increased the WCA and at higher fly ash concentrations (up to 10%), the fly ash/OTES coated cotton nonwoven fabric exhibited superhydrophobic behaviour. The fly ash/OTES-coated samples demonstrated excellent oil sorption capacities of 15.11&#xa0;g/g for vegetable oil and 20.11&#xa0;g/g for engine oil. Moreover, they achieved excellent oil–water separation efficiencies of up to 99% for vegetable oil and 99.5% for engine oil. Milled fly ash particles contributed to higher oil sorption and oil/water separation performance compared to unmilled particles. This study underscores the potential of fly ash/OTES-coated cotton nonwoven fabrics as cost-effective, reusable, and environmentally friendly materials for efficient oil recovery in spill scenarios.</p>

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Oil spill cleanup properties of hierarchically developed cotton nonwoven fabrics

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月9日

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  • M. Tamilselvan,
  • Ritika Panwar,
  • Kuldip Singh,
  • Vijay Baheti

摘要

Efficient and sustainable strategies are required to mitigate several environmental hazards that are caused by oil spill incidents. In this scenario, we developed hierarchical cotton nonwoven fabrics for oil spill cleanup using fly ash and n-octyltriethoxysilane (OTES). Fly ash particles were pulverized to reduce their average size to 560 nm. It was observed that an increase in fly ash concentration up to 20%, led to higher areal density, fabric thickness, and add-on percentage, while reducing fabric porosity and mean pore size of the cotton nonwoven fabric. Surface characterization was done using SEM and FTIR, which confirmed the successful fly ash deposition and OTES coating. The OTES coating led to the creation of a hydrophobic cotton surface with a water contact angle (WCA) of 128.05°. Further deposition of fly ash particles increased the WCA and at higher fly ash concentrations (up to 10%), the fly ash/OTES coated cotton nonwoven fabric exhibited superhydrophobic behaviour. The fly ash/OTES-coated samples demonstrated excellent oil sorption capacities of 15.11 g/g for vegetable oil and 20.11 g/g for engine oil. Moreover, they achieved excellent oil–water separation efficiencies of up to 99% for vegetable oil and 99.5% for engine oil. Milled fly ash particles contributed to higher oil sorption and oil/water separation performance compared to unmilled particles. This study underscores the potential of fly ash/OTES-coated cotton nonwoven fabrics as cost-effective, reusable, and environmentally friendly materials for efficient oil recovery in spill scenarios.