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<p>Conductive hydrogels, a flexible electronic material, are increasingly used in wearables, health monitoring, and electronic skin. However, their limited mechanical strength and conductivity currently restrict broader applications and require enhancement. Here, we incorporated bacterial cellulose (BC) and carboxylated carbon nanotubes (carboxyl-CNT) with acrylamide to prepare a composite hydrogel (CBPam Hydrogel). The physical interactions among these components, including hydrogen bonds and physical entanglement, endow the hydrogel with excellent tensile properties (maximum strain of CBPam-1: 602%). Meanwhile, the addition of carboxyl-CNT enhances the electrical conductivity of the composite hydrogel (conductivity of CBPam-1: 11.6&#xa0;mS/m). Under the synergistic effect of BC and carboxyl-CNT, sensors fabricated with this composite hydrogel exhibit excellent strain sensitivity. At strains ranging from 0 to 200%, the gauge factor (<i>GF</i>) is 2.70, and the response time is remarkably short (approximately 200&#xa0;ms). It is noteworthy that this composite hydrogel can also be freely written on capacitive screens, further expanding its application scope as a flexible wearable device. Based on the excellent mechanical and conductive properties of the CBPam Hydrogel, sensors based on this material can sensitively and stably detect human activities and assist in achieving output, indicating its good application potential in fields such as wearable devices and humanoid robots.</p>

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Highly conductive and tough PAM composite hydrogel synergistically constructed by carboxyl carbon nanotubes/bacterial cellulose for flexible electronic skin

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月20日

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  • Jie Ren,
  • Shijie Zeng,
  • Xu Xiang

摘要

Conductive hydrogels, a flexible electronic material, are increasingly used in wearables, health monitoring, and electronic skin. However, their limited mechanical strength and conductivity currently restrict broader applications and require enhancement. Here, we incorporated bacterial cellulose (BC) and carboxylated carbon nanotubes (carboxyl-CNT) with acrylamide to prepare a composite hydrogel (CBPam Hydrogel). The physical interactions among these components, including hydrogen bonds and physical entanglement, endow the hydrogel with excellent tensile properties (maximum strain of CBPam-1: 602%). Meanwhile, the addition of carboxyl-CNT enhances the electrical conductivity of the composite hydrogel (conductivity of CBPam-1: 11.6 mS/m). Under the synergistic effect of BC and carboxyl-CNT, sensors fabricated with this composite hydrogel exhibit excellent strain sensitivity. At strains ranging from 0 to 200%, the gauge factor (GF) is 2.70, and the response time is remarkably short (approximately 200 ms). It is noteworthy that this composite hydrogel can also be freely written on capacitive screens, further expanding its application scope as a flexible wearable device. Based on the excellent mechanical and conductive properties of the CBPam Hydrogel, sensors based on this material can sensitively and stably detect human activities and assist in achieving output, indicating its good application potential in fields such as wearable devices and humanoid robots.