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<p>Injectable hydrogels have emerged as promising biomaterials for various biomedical applications. However, limitations such as weak mechanical properties, limited injectability, and lack of self-healing ability hinder their widespread use. This study developed a novel injectable hydrogel based on oxidized xanthan gum and amino-modified carboxymethyl cellulose to address these challenges. These hydrogels exhibited rapid gelation, tunable mechanical properties, self-healing capabilities, controlled degradation, and excellent biocompatibility by employing dynamic acyl hydrazone bonds. Comprehensive characterization, including FTIR, <sup>1</sup>H-NMR, rheological studies, and mechanical testing, confirmed the successful formation of hydrogels with desirable properties. The hydrogels demonstrated rapid gelation times of approximately 5&#xa0;s and remarkable compressive strengths exceeding 500&#xa0;kPa. Rheological studies revealed excellent injectability and the ability to maintain solid-state properties under shear deformation. Significantly, the hydrogels exhibited over 90% self-healing capacity, allowing for reshaping and maintaining their defined shape post-injection. In vitro and in vivo studies confirmed the biocompatibility and non-toxic nature of hydrogels. They supported cell proliferation and reduced inflammatory responses via subcutaneous injection models on albino mice. These findings underscore the potential of these cellulose-based hydrogels for regenerating various organs in the tissue engineering field.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Investigation of fast in situ injectable carboxymethylcellulose-xanthan gum hydrogel via acyl hydrazone linkages for tissue regeneration

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月8日

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  • My-An Tran Le,
  • Lam Thanh Duong-Huu,
  • Tin Dai Luong,
  • Binh Thanh Vu,
  • Tuan-Ngan Tang,
  • Khoi Minh Le,
  • Duy Khanh Pham,
  • Hoan Ngoc Doan,
  • Toi Vo Van,
  • Thi-Hiep Nguyen

摘要

Injectable hydrogels have emerged as promising biomaterials for various biomedical applications. However, limitations such as weak mechanical properties, limited injectability, and lack of self-healing ability hinder their widespread use. This study developed a novel injectable hydrogel based on oxidized xanthan gum and amino-modified carboxymethyl cellulose to address these challenges. These hydrogels exhibited rapid gelation, tunable mechanical properties, self-healing capabilities, controlled degradation, and excellent biocompatibility by employing dynamic acyl hydrazone bonds. Comprehensive characterization, including FTIR, 1H-NMR, rheological studies, and mechanical testing, confirmed the successful formation of hydrogels with desirable properties. The hydrogels demonstrated rapid gelation times of approximately 5 s and remarkable compressive strengths exceeding 500 kPa. Rheological studies revealed excellent injectability and the ability to maintain solid-state properties under shear deformation. Significantly, the hydrogels exhibited over 90% self-healing capacity, allowing for reshaping and maintaining their defined shape post-injection. In vitro and in vivo studies confirmed the biocompatibility and non-toxic nature of hydrogels. They supported cell proliferation and reduced inflammatory responses via subcutaneous injection models on albino mice. These findings underscore the potential of these cellulose-based hydrogels for regenerating various organs in the tissue engineering field.

Graphical abstract