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<p>Bio-degumming is an eco-friendly and energy-efficient method for removing non-cellulosic matrices to extract ramie fiber, while it still requires prolonged processing and remains partial gums with complex side chains. This study demonstrated that, following pectin depolymerization, partial xylan and mannan in the middle lamella and phloem parenchyma could be removed in their non-depolymerized forms. Thus, the bio-degumming process followed by mechanical beating was improved by an alternating approach. Ramie bast was first beaten to loosen the middle lamella and phloem parenchyma, aiding pectinase, xylanase, and mannanase binding to internal gums. These enzymes then partially degraded the gum, weakening gum-fiber connections. Additional beating removed these loosened tissues, accelerating primary wall exposure. This approach reduced the blocking effect of gum laminated junctions, shortening degumming time. Afterward, carbohydrate binding domains further weakened the hindering effect of side chains and enhanced endoxylanase and endomannanase to remove residual hemicellulose on the primary wall. Furthermore, the engineered <i>Pectobacterium carotovorum</i> HG-49 capable of constitutively expressing and secreting the fusion proteins of endoxylanase, endomannanase, and carbohydrate binding domains was built. The alternating treatment with the engineered HG-49 and mechanical beating reduced degumming time from 16 to 12&#xa0;h, decreased residual gum content from 6.34 to 4.48%, and cut alkali use by 83%. The breaking strength of fiber bundles increased from 4.05 to 5.01 cN/dtex, and the wastewater was suitable for reuse in cultivating <i>Mortierella alpina</i> synthesizing arachidonic acid for feed. This study provided valuable insights for highly efficient and sustainable bast fiber production.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Overcoming ramie structural hindrance to enhance bio-degumming efficiency

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月8日

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  • Tingting Liu,
  • Pandeng Li,
  • Tong Shu,
  • Tianyi Yu,
  • Huihui Wang,
  • Chunhua Fu,
  • Longjiang Yu

摘要

Bio-degumming is an eco-friendly and energy-efficient method for removing non-cellulosic matrices to extract ramie fiber, while it still requires prolonged processing and remains partial gums with complex side chains. This study demonstrated that, following pectin depolymerization, partial xylan and mannan in the middle lamella and phloem parenchyma could be removed in their non-depolymerized forms. Thus, the bio-degumming process followed by mechanical beating was improved by an alternating approach. Ramie bast was first beaten to loosen the middle lamella and phloem parenchyma, aiding pectinase, xylanase, and mannanase binding to internal gums. These enzymes then partially degraded the gum, weakening gum-fiber connections. Additional beating removed these loosened tissues, accelerating primary wall exposure. This approach reduced the blocking effect of gum laminated junctions, shortening degumming time. Afterward, carbohydrate binding domains further weakened the hindering effect of side chains and enhanced endoxylanase and endomannanase to remove residual hemicellulose on the primary wall. Furthermore, the engineered Pectobacterium carotovorum HG-49 capable of constitutively expressing and secreting the fusion proteins of endoxylanase, endomannanase, and carbohydrate binding domains was built. The alternating treatment with the engineered HG-49 and mechanical beating reduced degumming time from 16 to 12 h, decreased residual gum content from 6.34 to 4.48%, and cut alkali use by 83%. The breaking strength of fiber bundles increased from 4.05 to 5.01 cN/dtex, and the wastewater was suitable for reuse in cultivating Mortierella alpina synthesizing arachidonic acid for feed. This study provided valuable insights for highly efficient and sustainable bast fiber production.

Graphical abstract