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Background <p>Adolescents in contact with the criminal justice system are a vulnerable population with elevated rates of mental illness. As entry into custodial settings is often the first opportunity to identify and treat mental health needs in this population, it is important to establish rates of mental illness as part of screening processes.</p> Objective <p>Whilst existing reviews study prevalence of mental illness amongst adolescents at any point in custody, the current review seeks to investigate prevalence of mental illness of adolescents at the entry point into custody.</p> Method <p>A search of four peer-reviewed databases was completed to identify studies reporting prevalence of mental disorders within this population, including conduct disorder (CD), anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and psychosis. A random effects meta-analysis of included studies (<i>n</i> = 29) was completed and subgroup analysis explored impacts of variables on prevalence rates.</p> Results <p>Overall, 19,420 participants were screened for mental disorders. CD was most prevalent (43.1%, 95% CI [32.1%, 54.9%]), followed by anxiety disorders (18.7%, 95% CI [13.0, 26.0]), depression (18.0%, 95% CI [13.6%, 23.4%]), PTSD (12.4%, 95% CI [8.4%, 17.8%), ADHD (10.3%, 95% CI [7.1%, 14.8%]) and psychotic illness (1.9%, 95% CI [1.2%, 3.0%]).</p> Conclusions <p>Overall, high rates of each mental disorder were found, particularly amongst female adolescents entering custody. These findings are critical in informing the provision of necessary mental health services for young people in contact with the criminal justice system and highlight the importance of accurate identification of mental health needs.</p>

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The Mental Health of Young People Entering Custody: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月26日

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  • Meghan Murie,
  • Carey Marr,
  • John Kasinathan,
  • Trisha Lloyd,
  • Kimberlie Dean

摘要

Background

Adolescents in contact with the criminal justice system are a vulnerable population with elevated rates of mental illness. As entry into custodial settings is often the first opportunity to identify and treat mental health needs in this population, it is important to establish rates of mental illness as part of screening processes.

Objective

Whilst existing reviews study prevalence of mental illness amongst adolescents at any point in custody, the current review seeks to investigate prevalence of mental illness of adolescents at the entry point into custody.

Method

A search of four peer-reviewed databases was completed to identify studies reporting prevalence of mental disorders within this population, including conduct disorder (CD), anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and psychosis. A random effects meta-analysis of included studies (n = 29) was completed and subgroup analysis explored impacts of variables on prevalence rates.

Results

Overall, 19,420 participants were screened for mental disorders. CD was most prevalent (43.1%, 95% CI [32.1%, 54.9%]), followed by anxiety disorders (18.7%, 95% CI [13.0, 26.0]), depression (18.0%, 95% CI [13.6%, 23.4%]), PTSD (12.4%, 95% CI [8.4%, 17.8%), ADHD (10.3%, 95% CI [7.1%, 14.8%]) and psychotic illness (1.9%, 95% CI [1.2%, 3.0%]).

Conclusions

Overall, high rates of each mental disorder were found, particularly amongst female adolescents entering custody. These findings are critical in informing the provision of necessary mental health services for young people in contact with the criminal justice system and highlight the importance of accurate identification of mental health needs.