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<p>Waste bamboo leaf ash-supported Ca–Zn catalysts were prepared using the impregnation method and examined for ester synthesis. The bimetallic Ca–Zn supported on bamboo leaf ash showed 93.5% yield and 100% selectivity. The optimised 2.5Ca-7.5Zn/BLA catalyst exhibits a mesoporous structure (23.04 m<sup>2</sup>/g), lower activation energy, and maximum TON and TOF. The catalyst showed higher yields for biodiesel, fragrance, and biosurfactant synthesis. FTIR, XPS, and HR-TEM characterisation demonstrated the presence of Lewis acidic and basic sites. The Ca<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub> and Zn<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub> accelerate the formation of the anion and cation, respectively and are responsible for product formation. The detailed characterisations, kinetic study and activity correlation have been explained with an atomic-level mechanism.</p>

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Waste Biomass Ash-Derived Ca2SiO4 and Zn2SiO4 for Selective Esterification of Commercially Important Substrates

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月28日

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  • Rushikesh Pagare,
  • Pavan More

摘要

Waste bamboo leaf ash-supported Ca–Zn catalysts were prepared using the impregnation method and examined for ester synthesis. The bimetallic Ca–Zn supported on bamboo leaf ash showed 93.5% yield and 100% selectivity. The optimised 2.5Ca-7.5Zn/BLA catalyst exhibits a mesoporous structure (23.04 m2/g), lower activation energy, and maximum TON and TOF. The catalyst showed higher yields for biodiesel, fragrance, and biosurfactant synthesis. FTIR, XPS, and HR-TEM characterisation demonstrated the presence of Lewis acidic and basic sites. The Ca2SiO4 and Zn2SiO4 accelerate the formation of the anion and cation, respectively and are responsible for product formation. The detailed characterisations, kinetic study and activity correlation have been explained with an atomic-level mechanism.