Palladium and Iron-Substituted Ceria as a Recyclable Bimetal Ionic Catalyst for the Ligand-Free Heck Coupling Reaction
摘要
Abstract
Palladium-based catalysts are critical in C-C coupling reactions, but they are not economically feasible. However, a minimum palladium substitution with iron as a codopant in the ceria lattice is an efficient catalyst and is preferred over traditional Pd catalysts. The combustion-synthesized Ce0.89Fe0.10Pd0.01O2-δ catalyst could be coated over a cordierite monolith that acts as a catalyst cartridge readily employed in the Heck coupling reaction. A variety of substrates are examined in the Heck coupling, which afforded good yields. The catalyst cartridges are very effective in recycling experiments up to 6 cycles without much decrement in the yield. Scale-up reactions were also carried out with ease.
Graphical Abstract