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<p>Diisobutyl ketone (DIBK), a high-value chemical with growing market demand, is currently produced as a by-product in methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) synthesis, leading to high costs and limited output. This study investigates the one-step synthesis of DIBK from acetone condensation and hydroconversion using Pd/Beta zeolite catalysts. A series of catalysts were prepared via impregnation and systematically characterized by XRD, BET, NH₃-TPD, Py-IR, and XPS. The effects of zeolite type, SiO₂/Al₂O₃ ratio, Pd loading, and reaction conditions on catalytic performance were thoroughly examined. Results demonstrate that Pd/Beta-25, possessing the highest acid site density, optimal Brønsted-to-Lewis acid ratio, and superior Pd dispersion, achieved the best performance: 98.4% acetone conversion and 64% DIBK selectivity under optimal conditions (210&#xa0;°C, 3&#xa0;MPa H₂, 9&#xa0;h). The synergy between abundant acid sites (facilitating condensation) and well-dispersed Pd nanoparticles (enabling hydrogenation) is crucial for promoting the consecutive reaction pathway to DIBK. This work provides fundamental insights and an efficient catalytic system for direct DIBK production, highlighting the advantage of zeolite-based catalysts over conventional Pd/resin systems.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Tuning the Acid-Metal Balance in Pd/Beta for Enhanced Catalytic Performance in Acetone Condensation and Hydroconversion

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月18日

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  • Hongkun Tian,
  • Yuqi Hu,
  • Hao Li

摘要

Diisobutyl ketone (DIBK), a high-value chemical with growing market demand, is currently produced as a by-product in methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) synthesis, leading to high costs and limited output. This study investigates the one-step synthesis of DIBK from acetone condensation and hydroconversion using Pd/Beta zeolite catalysts. A series of catalysts were prepared via impregnation and systematically characterized by XRD, BET, NH₃-TPD, Py-IR, and XPS. The effects of zeolite type, SiO₂/Al₂O₃ ratio, Pd loading, and reaction conditions on catalytic performance were thoroughly examined. Results demonstrate that Pd/Beta-25, possessing the highest acid site density, optimal Brønsted-to-Lewis acid ratio, and superior Pd dispersion, achieved the best performance: 98.4% acetone conversion and 64% DIBK selectivity under optimal conditions (210 °C, 3 MPa H₂, 9 h). The synergy between abundant acid sites (facilitating condensation) and well-dispersed Pd nanoparticles (enabling hydrogenation) is crucial for promoting the consecutive reaction pathway to DIBK. This work provides fundamental insights and an efficient catalytic system for direct DIBK production, highlighting the advantage of zeolite-based catalysts over conventional Pd/resin systems.

Graphical Abstract