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<p>This study reports the synthesis and characterization of CuO–NiO–ZnO trimetallic oxide nanocomposite aimed at refining functional performance. The composites were synthesized using a simple co-precipitation technique at two different temperatures: 200℃ and 500&#xa0;°C, and they were subsequently characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Optical analysis using a Tauc plot revealed that the materials had a band gap of 2.70&#xa0;eV and 2.67&#xa0;eV for the 200&#xa0;°C and 500&#xa0;°C samples, respectively. Furthermore, XRD analysis confirmed the presence of distinct CuO, NiO, and ZnO phases, with the NiO phase comprising the maximum volume fraction. The successful formation of trimetallic oxide nanocomposites was found to have an impact on the overall properties of the nanocomposites. Additionally, SEM images revealed that the materials consisted of nanoparticles with irregular shapes. Notably, the nanocomposites exhibited selective antibacterial activity. Specifically, the 200&#xa0;°C sample was effective against Gram-negative bacteria (<i>Pseudomonas</i>, <i>E. coli</i>) (GNB), whereas the 500&#xa0;°C sample demonstrated efficacy against Gram-positive bacteria (GPB) (<i>Bacillus</i>) and also for Gram–negative (<i>E. coli)</i> bacterial strains, with activity increasing with an increase in nanocomposite concentration. These findings collectively highlight that synthesis temperature is a crucial parameter for tuning the structural and functional properties of these nanocomposites for specific applications.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Antibacterial Application of Heterogeneous CuO–NiO–ZnO Metal Oxides Nanocomposites

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月19日

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  • Vikas Choudhary,
  • Kusham Lata,
  • Manish Kumar,
  • Ajay Sharma,
  • Raman Kumar,
  • Vivek Sheel Jaswal

摘要

This study reports the synthesis and characterization of CuO–NiO–ZnO trimetallic oxide nanocomposite aimed at refining functional performance. The composites were synthesized using a simple co-precipitation technique at two different temperatures: 200℃ and 500 °C, and they were subsequently characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Optical analysis using a Tauc plot revealed that the materials had a band gap of 2.70 eV and 2.67 eV for the 200 °C and 500 °C samples, respectively. Furthermore, XRD analysis confirmed the presence of distinct CuO, NiO, and ZnO phases, with the NiO phase comprising the maximum volume fraction. The successful formation of trimetallic oxide nanocomposites was found to have an impact on the overall properties of the nanocomposites. Additionally, SEM images revealed that the materials consisted of nanoparticles with irregular shapes. Notably, the nanocomposites exhibited selective antibacterial activity. Specifically, the 200 °C sample was effective against Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas, E. coli) (GNB), whereas the 500 °C sample demonstrated efficacy against Gram-positive bacteria (GPB) (Bacillus) and also for Gram–negative (E. coli) bacterial strains, with activity increasing with an increase in nanocomposite concentration. These findings collectively highlight that synthesis temperature is a crucial parameter for tuning the structural and functional properties of these nanocomposites for specific applications.

Graphical Abstract