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<p>Photocatalytic regeneration of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) is indispensable for the sustainability of enzyme-driven industrial processes. In this study, we developed a Z-scheme heterogeneous photocatalyst consisting of CdS and g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>, which markedly enhanced visible-light absorption and photogenerated charge separation efficiency, and applied it to an in situ visible-light-driven NADH regeneration system. The synthesized catalyst afforded an exceptional NADH regeneration yield of 97.88% within just 15&#xa0;min. Additionally, enzyme activity assays utilizing alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) demonstrated that 67.60% of NAD<sup>+</sup> was successfully converted into the enzymatically fraction, 1,4-NADH. Furthermore, formate dehydrogenase (FDH) immobilized on ZIF-8 was integrated into this NADH regeneration system, enabling highly sustainable biosynthesis of formic acid. During a 2&#xa0;h continuous reaction, the integrated system successfully accumulated a total formic acid concentration of 0.88 mM. This novel Z-scheme photocatalytic system thus presented a highly effective solution for regenerating active NADH, providing valuable insights and promoting the development of photocatalysis-driven enzymatic systems for sustainable solar-to-chemical energy conversion.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Photoenzymatic Catalytic Cascade System of a Z-Scheme Heterogeneous CdS/CN Coupled with FDH/ZIF-8 to Efficiently Regenerate 1,4-NADH for Highly Selective CO2 Reduction Toward Formic Acid

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月15日

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  • Wei Lu,
  • Liang Zhou

摘要

Photocatalytic regeneration of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) is indispensable for the sustainability of enzyme-driven industrial processes. In this study, we developed a Z-scheme heterogeneous photocatalyst consisting of CdS and g-C3N4, which markedly enhanced visible-light absorption and photogenerated charge separation efficiency, and applied it to an in situ visible-light-driven NADH regeneration system. The synthesized catalyst afforded an exceptional NADH regeneration yield of 97.88% within just 15 min. Additionally, enzyme activity assays utilizing alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) demonstrated that 67.60% of NAD+ was successfully converted into the enzymatically fraction, 1,4-NADH. Furthermore, formate dehydrogenase (FDH) immobilized on ZIF-8 was integrated into this NADH regeneration system, enabling highly sustainable biosynthesis of formic acid. During a 2 h continuous reaction, the integrated system successfully accumulated a total formic acid concentration of 0.88 mM. This novel Z-scheme photocatalytic system thus presented a highly effective solution for regenerating active NADH, providing valuable insights and promoting the development of photocatalysis-driven enzymatic systems for sustainable solar-to-chemical energy conversion.

Graphical Abstract