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<p>Aiming to overcome the high viscosity, separation difficulties, and industrial application limitations of conventional ionic liquids molecular catalytic systems, a series of composite catalysts that immobilized the functional ionic liquids to the magnetic nanoparticles were successfully prepared by non-covalently attaching sulfhydryl-containing organic salt onto the surface of nanoparticles. The structural characterization results from FT-IR, XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS and VSM confirmed the successful immobilization and retention of superparamagnetic properties. The catalytic performance was evaluated in the condensation reaction of 9-fluorenone with phenol to produce 9,9-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)fluorene. Under optimal conditions (100&#xa0;°C, 5&#xa0;h, 1:6 substrate ratio, 0.2 equiv catalysts) achieved complete conversion of the substrate feedstock and accompanied by a product selectivity of 96.4%. The catalysts exhibited excellent recyclability (complete conversion of 9-fluorenone and &gt; 90% selectivity of products after six cycles) and terrific selectivity for bisphenol products (e.g., bisphenol A, B, and Z) with high selectivity (74.6–93.1%). Compared to homogeneous ionic liquids and traditional acids catalysts, the immobilized ionic liquids (IILs) combined high catalytic activity with facile magnetic separation. This study indicates that magnetically IILs have potential applications in the catalytic synthesis of bisphenol compounds.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Preparation of Magnetic Nanoparticles Immobilized Ionic Liquids and Catalytic Synthesis of Bisphenol Compounds

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月26日

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  • Lihao Ma,
  • Meng Ye,
  • Xinxin Lu,
  • Limei Yu,
  • Zhanxian Gao

摘要

Aiming to overcome the high viscosity, separation difficulties, and industrial application limitations of conventional ionic liquids molecular catalytic systems, a series of composite catalysts that immobilized the functional ionic liquids to the magnetic nanoparticles were successfully prepared by non-covalently attaching sulfhydryl-containing organic salt onto the surface of nanoparticles. The structural characterization results from FT-IR, XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS and VSM confirmed the successful immobilization and retention of superparamagnetic properties. The catalytic performance was evaluated in the condensation reaction of 9-fluorenone with phenol to produce 9,9-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)fluorene. Under optimal conditions (100 °C, 5 h, 1:6 substrate ratio, 0.2 equiv catalysts) achieved complete conversion of the substrate feedstock and accompanied by a product selectivity of 96.4%. The catalysts exhibited excellent recyclability (complete conversion of 9-fluorenone and > 90% selectivity of products after six cycles) and terrific selectivity for bisphenol products (e.g., bisphenol A, B, and Z) with high selectivity (74.6–93.1%). Compared to homogeneous ionic liquids and traditional acids catalysts, the immobilized ionic liquids (IILs) combined high catalytic activity with facile magnetic separation. This study indicates that magnetically IILs have potential applications in the catalytic synthesis of bisphenol compounds.

Graphical Abstract