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<p>Three-way catalyst (TWC) stands as the state-of-the-art technology for controlling emissions in natural gas vehicles, but its utilization can generate NH<sub>3</sub> by-product. This study proposed a novel strategy for reducing NH<sub>3</sub> emissions during three-way catalytic reaction process of Pd-based catalysts by adding Ru. Catalysts Pd/LA + Si, Pd/LA + Ru/CZLN, and Pd/LA + CZLN were fabricated through incipient wetness impregnation and mechanical ball-milling methods. Testing under simulated exhaust conditions showed that Pd/LA + Si produced high NH<sub>3</sub> levels, while Ru/CZLN addition significantly reduced NH<sub>3</sub> emissions from 330 to 20&#xa0;ppm. Conversely, the addition of CZLN facilitated steam reforming and water–gas shift reactions, generating more H<sub>2</sub> for NO reduction, which led to an increase in NH<sub>3</sub> emissions. Experimental evidence confirmed that Ru/CZLN could effectively decompose NH<sub>3</sub>, which was produced over Pd/LA, into N<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>, thereby significantly reducing NH<sub>3</sub> emissions. This study provides a promising approach for developing TWC with low NH<sub>3</sub> emissions for natural gas vehicles.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Unveiling Reduction of NH3 Production in Pd-Based Three-Way Catalyst Modified by Ru

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月21日

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  • Xi Liu,
  • Xiaoning Ren,
  • Yuankai Shao,
  • Anqi Dong,
  • Chunqing Yang,
  • Kaixiang Li,
  • Bingjie Zhou,
  • Hanming Wu,
  • Zhenguo Li

摘要

Three-way catalyst (TWC) stands as the state-of-the-art technology for controlling emissions in natural gas vehicles, but its utilization can generate NH3 by-product. This study proposed a novel strategy for reducing NH3 emissions during three-way catalytic reaction process of Pd-based catalysts by adding Ru. Catalysts Pd/LA + Si, Pd/LA + Ru/CZLN, and Pd/LA + CZLN were fabricated through incipient wetness impregnation and mechanical ball-milling methods. Testing under simulated exhaust conditions showed that Pd/LA + Si produced high NH3 levels, while Ru/CZLN addition significantly reduced NH3 emissions from 330 to 20 ppm. Conversely, the addition of CZLN facilitated steam reforming and water–gas shift reactions, generating more H2 for NO reduction, which led to an increase in NH3 emissions. Experimental evidence confirmed that Ru/CZLN could effectively decompose NH3, which was produced over Pd/LA, into N2 and H2, thereby significantly reducing NH3 emissions. This study provides a promising approach for developing TWC with low NH3 emissions for natural gas vehicles.

Graphical Abstract