<p>The study of the mechanisms underlying the instability of complex environmental–economic systems aimed to identify effective strategies for managing the energy sector of the economy in the context of climate change. The research employs a six-sector Lorenz-type model with variable coefficients that integrates, within a unified framework, several economic sectors described similarly, each considered in terms of productivity levels, number of jobs, and structural disturbances. The model makes it possible to examine how changes in the ratio of demand to supply in individual industries and the rates at which disturbances in environmental–economic systems are resolved affect the share of green energy in the energy balance, the total volume of greenhouse gas emissions and energy production, and the number of structural disturbances across all sectors of the economy. The conditions leading to instability in complex environmental–economic systems, associated with turbulent regimes that increase the total number of structural disturbances and reduce overall productivity, are determined.</p>