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<p>To deepen understanding of soft soil’s water-induced damage mechanism and provide theoretical-technical support for engineering practice, this study selected typical samples (mucky clay, silty sand, silty clay) from Tianjin Metro Line Z2 Phase I. Using combined drying-titration-electron microscopy and unconfined/triaxial compression tests, this study systematically investigated soft soil’s meso-micro-macro structural evolution and mechanical responses under different water contents and compaction degrees. The results show that the evolution of soft soil microstructure has a significant water content dependence. With increasing water content, soft soil pore systems shift from meso/micropores to macropore dominance, with improved connectivity, weakened intergranular bonding, declining structural stability, and saturated muddying. Compaction degree affects the stress transfer path by reconstructing the initial pore structure and cooperatively regulates the mechanical properties of soft soil with water content. With the decrease of compaction degree, parameters such as soft soil strength and elastic modulus decrease, and the failure mode transforms from regular through cracks to dispersed irregular cracks. Low water content is beneficial to improving soft soil strength, while high water content changes the failure mode and strength attenuation characteristics through the lubrication effect and pore water pressure effect. This study reveals the internal mechanism of soft soil performance degradation under water erosion, providing theoretical support for the compaction design of high-water-content soft soil and the stability control of geotechnical engineering.</p>

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Influence of Multiple Factors on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Soft Soil

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月25日

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  • Wei Qi,
  • Chenke Zhang,
  • Jianxun Li,
  • Xinjie Zhao,
  • Mingzhen Zhao,
  • Jintao Zhao

摘要

To deepen understanding of soft soil’s water-induced damage mechanism and provide theoretical-technical support for engineering practice, this study selected typical samples (mucky clay, silty sand, silty clay) from Tianjin Metro Line Z2 Phase I. Using combined drying-titration-electron microscopy and unconfined/triaxial compression tests, this study systematically investigated soft soil’s meso-micro-macro structural evolution and mechanical responses under different water contents and compaction degrees. The results show that the evolution of soft soil microstructure has a significant water content dependence. With increasing water content, soft soil pore systems shift from meso/micropores to macropore dominance, with improved connectivity, weakened intergranular bonding, declining structural stability, and saturated muddying. Compaction degree affects the stress transfer path by reconstructing the initial pore structure and cooperatively regulates the mechanical properties of soft soil with water content. With the decrease of compaction degree, parameters such as soft soil strength and elastic modulus decrease, and the failure mode transforms from regular through cracks to dispersed irregular cracks. Low water content is beneficial to improving soft soil strength, while high water content changes the failure mode and strength attenuation characteristics through the lubrication effect and pore water pressure effect. This study reveals the internal mechanism of soft soil performance degradation under water erosion, providing theoretical support for the compaction design of high-water-content soft soil and the stability control of geotechnical engineering.