<p>It is shown that the droplet size distribution function can be regarded as an integral parameter determining the aggregative stability of oil emulsions. Based on previously developed models of droplet collisions in polydisperse systems, a quantitative relationship has been established between the width of the distribution and the intensity of coalescence. It is demonstrated that the lognormal nature of the distribution formed under turbulent conditions determines the probability of interdroplet interactions and can lead to a multiple increase in collision frequency compared to a monodisperse system. The evolution of the dispersed composition is described by the Fokker–Planck equation, reflecting the dynamic equilibrium between the processes of droplet coalescence and breakup.</p>