<p>Using the X bottom water gas reservoir as an example, this paper combines physical simulation and numerical simulation methods to conduct high-temperature and high-pressure water invasion core experiments and numerical simulation sensitivity analysis. The study divides the development stage of bottom water gas reservoir with interlayer, and clarifies the main controlling factors that affect the production effect of the reservoir. The research shows that the development of gas reservoirs with interbed bottom water can be divided into three stages: elastic gas drive, water supplement energy, and gas-water co-production; As the permeability of the interlayer decreases and the thickness increases, the pressure difference required for bottom water breakthrough rises, enhancing the sealing ability of the interlayer. This can delay water breakthrough in gas reservoirs and reduce water invasion intensity, which is conducive to gas reservoir production. When the interlayer is locally developed, the water phase will flow along the dominant channel, resulting no obvious elastic gas drive stage, which is similar to the water breakthrough pressure and production effect in reservoirs without interlayer; Dispersion, permeability and thickness of interlayer are the main factors influencing the recovery effect of bottom water gas reservoirs. Among these, the dispersion of interlayer is the key factor, followed by permeability of interlayer and thickness of interlayer. The findings of this paper can deepen the understanding of the main controlling factors affecting the production performance of bottom water gas reservoirs, and provide a mechanism understanding for guiding their efficient development.</p>