<p>In recent years, enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques, such as surfactant flooding and polymer flooding, have demonstrated significant success in improving oil recovery rates in conventional reservoirs, achieving objectives like water control, increased oil production, and cost-effectiveness. However, high-temperature and high-salinity conditions in deep and ultra-deep reservoirs present substantial challenges to conventional EOR systems. Consequently, research on temperature- and salt-resistant EOR systems is critical for enhancing recovery in these challenging environments. This paper reviews the progress in the development of temperature- and saltresistant EOR systems both domestically and internationally. By discussing the structure and properties of four key EOR systems, we analyze their mechanisms of action and effectiveness in enhancing oil recovery. The study reveals that the selected surfactant systems exhibit excellent temperature resistance, withstanding temperatures of up to 140-160°C, making them suitable for high-temperature reservoirs. Additionally, these surfactant systems show strong resistance to both monovalent and divalent salts, withstanding Na⁺ concentrations of 15,000-50,000 mg/L and Ca²⁺ concentrations of 1,500-4,500 mg/L, which makes them effective for use in highly saline reservoirs.</p>