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<p>As robots rapidly enter numerous social and organizational scenarios, it has become increasingly prevalent for people to make decisions in the presence of robots. Focusing on one fundamental issue in moral decision-making—distributive justice judgments—five studies, including an eye-tracking experiment and a field experiment, reveal that the presence of a humanoid robot increases humans’ preference for efficiency over equity. We further demonstrate that the effect can be explained by humans’ spontaneous mentalization of a humanoid robot’s utilitarian perspective and is less pronounced among individuals with a lower tendency to adopt others’ perspectives. Our findings suggest that robot presence may trigger and modulate human metacognition during human–robot interaction and may subtly nudge and shape human moral decisions in an AI‒human blended environment. As a result, managers and policymakers should be mindful of how humanoid robots may have unintended consequences on human morality, particularly in contexts related to general social welfare or legal implications.</p>

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Mirroring a “Mechanical Mind”: Robot Presence Promotes Utilitarian Motives in Distributive Justice Judgments

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月15日

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  • Yunlu Yin,
  • Zhengyu Shen,
  • Bingjie Deng,
  • Qian Xu

摘要

As robots rapidly enter numerous social and organizational scenarios, it has become increasingly prevalent for people to make decisions in the presence of robots. Focusing on one fundamental issue in moral decision-making—distributive justice judgments—five studies, including an eye-tracking experiment and a field experiment, reveal that the presence of a humanoid robot increases humans’ preference for efficiency over equity. We further demonstrate that the effect can be explained by humans’ spontaneous mentalization of a humanoid robot’s utilitarian perspective and is less pronounced among individuals with a lower tendency to adopt others’ perspectives. Our findings suggest that robot presence may trigger and modulate human metacognition during human–robot interaction and may subtly nudge and shape human moral decisions in an AI‒human blended environment. As a result, managers and policymakers should be mindful of how humanoid robots may have unintended consequences on human morality, particularly in contexts related to general social welfare or legal implications.