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<p>Long-term changes in species distributions provide critical insights into how biodiversity responds to global change. China harbors over 13% of the world’s bird species, with extensive long-term distribution data largely scattered in historical literature and have not been fully utilized. Here, we integrated seven authoritative checklists of China’s birds (1955–2023), standardized to IOC 14.2, to examine spatiotemporal changes in species richness across seven zoogeographical regions. A total of 1,513 bird species were recorded over the past 68&#xa0;years, including 271 newly documented species and nine species were removed. Species richness increased both nationwide and regionally, with the Southwest Region showing the fastest growth, the North-eastern Region the slowest, and the Qinghai–Xizang Region experiencing the largest proportional increase. Passeriformes had the highest newly recorded species, with 136 new additions. Charadriiformes had the highest relative increase, followed by Anseriformes, Suliformes, and Procellariiformes. The correlation analysis suggested that warm, humid contemporary climates and relatively stable paleoclimates tended to be associated with higher bird diversity, whereas elevational range appeared to have limited predictive power. These findings provide a comprehensive baseline for understanding avian biogeography in China and highlight the potential applications of this dataset in macroecology studies.</p>

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Spatiotemporal patterns of bird diversity across China’s zoogeographical regions: An update from 1955 to 2023

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月25日

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  • Qianyi Zhang,
  • Minghao Ma,
  • Canwei Xia

摘要

Long-term changes in species distributions provide critical insights into how biodiversity responds to global change. China harbors over 13% of the world’s bird species, with extensive long-term distribution data largely scattered in historical literature and have not been fully utilized. Here, we integrated seven authoritative checklists of China’s birds (1955–2023), standardized to IOC 14.2, to examine spatiotemporal changes in species richness across seven zoogeographical regions. A total of 1,513 bird species were recorded over the past 68 years, including 271 newly documented species and nine species were removed. Species richness increased both nationwide and regionally, with the Southwest Region showing the fastest growth, the North-eastern Region the slowest, and the Qinghai–Xizang Region experiencing the largest proportional increase. Passeriformes had the highest newly recorded species, with 136 new additions. Charadriiformes had the highest relative increase, followed by Anseriformes, Suliformes, and Procellariiformes. The correlation analysis suggested that warm, humid contemporary climates and relatively stable paleoclimates tended to be associated with higher bird diversity, whereas elevational range appeared to have limited predictive power. These findings provide a comprehensive baseline for understanding avian biogeography in China and highlight the potential applications of this dataset in macroecology studies.