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<p>The effects of habitat fragmentation on biodiversity are widely debated. Some studies report positive effects, whereas others link habitat fragmentation to biodiversity loss. “Fragmentation per se” refers to habitat fragmentation independently of habitat loss, or when its effect is controlled, and mainly relates to how habitat patches are spatially distributed (i.e. habitat configuration) and how this organization influences biodiversity. Here we evaluated the habitat amount hypothesis, which postulates that habitat cover is the main factor determining species diversity in fragmented landscapes. We analyzed the effects of landscape structure of a tropical dry forest in the Colombian Caribbean region on the taxonomic and (SES) functional richness of medium- to large-bodied mammals. We assessed 256 landscapes along a gradient of forest cover. We calculated landscape composition (forest cover) and configuration metrics (number of patches and edge density) in multiple nested scales. For each landscape, we estimated species richness, forest-dependent species richness, non-forest-dependent species richness, and the standardized effect size of functional richness. We evaluated the effects of landscape structure using AICc-based model comparison and model averaging. We found that species richness was positively affected by edge density, negatively affected by the number of patches, and moderately positively affected by forest cover. We also found that forest-dependent species richness was positively related to forest cover, whereas non-forest-dependent species richness showed a positive effect of edge density. We also detected a moderate negative effect of the number of patches on the standardized effect size of functional richness. These results indicate that the habitat amount hypothesis is not fully supported and suggest that conservation strategies should prioritize preserving and increasing the total amount of habitat, while also considering landscape configuration in tropical dry forest of the Colombian Caribbean.</p>

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Effects of habitat amount and fragmentation per se on mammals in a highly fragmented Colombian region

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月13日

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  • Sebastián Narváez-Barrios,
  • Jairo Pérez-Torres,
  • Lain E. Pardo,
  • André Luis Regolin,
  • Julio J. Chacón-Pacheco

摘要

The effects of habitat fragmentation on biodiversity are widely debated. Some studies report positive effects, whereas others link habitat fragmentation to biodiversity loss. “Fragmentation per se” refers to habitat fragmentation independently of habitat loss, or when its effect is controlled, and mainly relates to how habitat patches are spatially distributed (i.e. habitat configuration) and how this organization influences biodiversity. Here we evaluated the habitat amount hypothesis, which postulates that habitat cover is the main factor determining species diversity in fragmented landscapes. We analyzed the effects of landscape structure of a tropical dry forest in the Colombian Caribbean region on the taxonomic and (SES) functional richness of medium- to large-bodied mammals. We assessed 256 landscapes along a gradient of forest cover. We calculated landscape composition (forest cover) and configuration metrics (number of patches and edge density) in multiple nested scales. For each landscape, we estimated species richness, forest-dependent species richness, non-forest-dependent species richness, and the standardized effect size of functional richness. We evaluated the effects of landscape structure using AICc-based model comparison and model averaging. We found that species richness was positively affected by edge density, negatively affected by the number of patches, and moderately positively affected by forest cover. We also found that forest-dependent species richness was positively related to forest cover, whereas non-forest-dependent species richness showed a positive effect of edge density. We also detected a moderate negative effect of the number of patches on the standardized effect size of functional richness. These results indicate that the habitat amount hypothesis is not fully supported and suggest that conservation strategies should prioritize preserving and increasing the total amount of habitat, while also considering landscape configuration in tropical dry forest of the Colombian Caribbean.