Scholarlink

<p>The mitochondrial genome is a powerful molecular marker for investigating genetic diversity, evolutionary relationships, and maternal lineage in livestock species. This study provides a comprehensive assessment of maternal genetic diversity in Indian pig populations based on complete mitochondrial genome analysis of 73 samples representing 13 indigenous breeds: Agonda Goan, Doom, Ghoongroo, Manipuri Black, Niang Megha, Mali, Banda, Ghurrah, Purnea, Nicobari, Tenyi Vo, Wak Chambil, and Andamani, along with non-descript Ankamali pigs from Kerala. Mitochondrial genome lengths ranged from 16,609 to 16,620&#xa0;bp and included 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNAs, two rRNAs, and a control region. A total of 63 distinct haplotypes were identified, with high haplotype diversity (0.996) and moderate nucleotide diversity (0.007). Hierarchical AMOVA revealed moderate maternal structuring, with 49.18% of variation within populations and 10.35% among geographically defined groups. Phylogenetic analyses showed clear genetic separation between pigs and closely related species, reflecting deep evolutionary divergence. Indian wild pigs formed a strongly supported, distinct cluster, clearly differentiated from Indian domestic pigs as well as domestic and wild pigs from other regions. Most Indian domestic pig mitogenomes clustered within the Asian clade (A), encompassing haplogroups A2, A1b, D1a1, D1a1a, D1b, D1c3, D1d, D2, D3, and D4. Evidence of European maternal introgression was detected in Agonda Goan, Doom, and Purnea pigs, indicating historical influences of trade, migration, or crossbreeding. Median-joining network analysis of the complete D-loop region independently corroborated whole-mitogenome phylogenetic patterns. Overall, these findings highlight Indian wild pigs as an important ancestral reservoir contributing to global porcine genetic diversity.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Whole Mitochondrial Genome Analysis Highlights India’s Role in Pig Domestication and Maternal Lineage Diversification

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月27日

查看全文
  • Sonika Ahlawat,
  • Upasna Sharma,
  • Karan Veer Singh,
  • Reena Arora,
  • Rekha Sharma,
  • Ajay Singh,
  • N. H. Mohan,
  • Santanu Banik,
  • Raja KN,
  • R. T. Venkatachalapathy

摘要

The mitochondrial genome is a powerful molecular marker for investigating genetic diversity, evolutionary relationships, and maternal lineage in livestock species. This study provides a comprehensive assessment of maternal genetic diversity in Indian pig populations based on complete mitochondrial genome analysis of 73 samples representing 13 indigenous breeds: Agonda Goan, Doom, Ghoongroo, Manipuri Black, Niang Megha, Mali, Banda, Ghurrah, Purnea, Nicobari, Tenyi Vo, Wak Chambil, and Andamani, along with non-descript Ankamali pigs from Kerala. Mitochondrial genome lengths ranged from 16,609 to 16,620 bp and included 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNAs, two rRNAs, and a control region. A total of 63 distinct haplotypes were identified, with high haplotype diversity (0.996) and moderate nucleotide diversity (0.007). Hierarchical AMOVA revealed moderate maternal structuring, with 49.18% of variation within populations and 10.35% among geographically defined groups. Phylogenetic analyses showed clear genetic separation between pigs and closely related species, reflecting deep evolutionary divergence. Indian wild pigs formed a strongly supported, distinct cluster, clearly differentiated from Indian domestic pigs as well as domestic and wild pigs from other regions. Most Indian domestic pig mitogenomes clustered within the Asian clade (A), encompassing haplogroups A2, A1b, D1a1, D1a1a, D1b, D1c3, D1d, D2, D3, and D4. Evidence of European maternal introgression was detected in Agonda Goan, Doom, and Purnea pigs, indicating historical influences of trade, migration, or crossbreeding. Median-joining network analysis of the complete D-loop region independently corroborated whole-mitogenome phylogenetic patterns. Overall, these findings highlight Indian wild pigs as an important ancestral reservoir contributing to global porcine genetic diversity.