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<p><i>Botrytis cinerea</i>, the causal agent of grey mold, poses a significant threat to tomato production and other crops globally. With rising resistance to chemical fungicides, there is increasing interest in sustainable alternatives such as biological control agents (BCAs). In this study, we evaluated the biocontrol potential of <i>Paraburkholderia oxyphila</i> strain EP4, isolated from the rhizosphere of eggplants, against <i>B. cinerea</i> in tomato and cucumber. EP4 significantly reduced disease severity in both hosts, particularly in cucumber where foliar application decreased lesion size by 93%. Notably, EP4 exhibited no direct antifungal activity in vitro, suggesting its protective effect is mediated via plant-induced systemic resistance (ISR). Gene expression analysis in tomato revealed that EP4 treatments upregulated defense markers <i>PR1</i> and <i>PIN2</i>, indicating activation of both salicylic acid and ethylene/jasmonic acid pathways. EP4 successfully colonized both rhizosphere and phyllosphere tissues, maintaining high populations up to 15&#xa0;days post-application. Comparative genome analysis of EP4 identified key ISR-associated traits, including genes for the biosynthesis and transport of lipopolysaccharides (Lipid A), riboflavin, acetoin, and hydrogen cyanide—compounds previously linked to immune priming in plants. Importantly, EP4 outperformed the commercial BCA <i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i> (Serenade® Max) in disease suppression, particularly in tomato. These findings demonstrate that EP4 is a versatile and effective BCA capable of inducing systemic plant defenses and suggest its strong potential for integration into environmentally sustainable crop protection strategies against <i>B. cinerea</i>.</p>

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Paraburkholderia oxyphila: a novel bacterial biocontrol species against the fungal plant pathogen Botrytis cinerea

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月6日

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  • Eudokia Kalfa,
  • Eirini G. Poulaki,
  • Vasilis Dimitrakas,
  • Anastasia Venieraki,
  • Sotirios E. Tjamos

摘要

Botrytis cinerea, the causal agent of grey mold, poses a significant threat to tomato production and other crops globally. With rising resistance to chemical fungicides, there is increasing interest in sustainable alternatives such as biological control agents (BCAs). In this study, we evaluated the biocontrol potential of Paraburkholderia oxyphila strain EP4, isolated from the rhizosphere of eggplants, against B. cinerea in tomato and cucumber. EP4 significantly reduced disease severity in both hosts, particularly in cucumber where foliar application decreased lesion size by 93%. Notably, EP4 exhibited no direct antifungal activity in vitro, suggesting its protective effect is mediated via plant-induced systemic resistance (ISR). Gene expression analysis in tomato revealed that EP4 treatments upregulated defense markers PR1 and PIN2, indicating activation of both salicylic acid and ethylene/jasmonic acid pathways. EP4 successfully colonized both rhizosphere and phyllosphere tissues, maintaining high populations up to 15 days post-application. Comparative genome analysis of EP4 identified key ISR-associated traits, including genes for the biosynthesis and transport of lipopolysaccharides (Lipid A), riboflavin, acetoin, and hydrogen cyanide—compounds previously linked to immune priming in plants. Importantly, EP4 outperformed the commercial BCA Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Serenade® Max) in disease suppression, particularly in tomato. These findings demonstrate that EP4 is a versatile and effective BCA capable of inducing systemic plant defenses and suggest its strong potential for integration into environmentally sustainable crop protection strategies against B. cinerea.