<p>Due to the influence of velocity pulses, the elasto-plastic displacement time history response of structures under near-field long-period ground motions are different from those under ordinary ground motions. To investigate the impact of near-field long-period ground motions on structural performance, it is essential to clarify the mechanism by which the unique action characteristics of near-field long-period ground motions affect the seismic behavior of structural components. In this study, a quasi-static loading protocols that reflects the action characteristics of near-field long-period motions was used for quasi-static testing and numerical simulation Subsequently, the influence of near-field long-period ground motions action characteristics on the seismic performance of reinforced concrete columns was studied through quasi-static tests and finite element analysis with different loading protocols and design parameters, revealing the preliminary impact of near-field long-period ground motions action characteristics on reinforced concrete columns. The results indicate that near-field long-period ground motions has significant early pulse action characteristics, and the early pulse amplitude can be used as an indicator of the action characteristics of near-field long-period ground motions; The early pulse displacement significantly affects the strength, stiffness degradation, energy dissipation, and deformation performance of the specimens, and the influence of pulse amplitude varies under different design parameters. A higher early pulse amplitude tends to cause the structure to enter the plastic stage earlier and results in a larger residual displacement ratio. The early damage caused by the early pulse has a decisive impact on the later response of the specimens. Finally, based on the analysis results, a calculation model for the reduction coefficient of seismic performance indicators considering the early pulse action characteristics of near-field long-period ground motions were proposed.</p>