Macro-modelling approach for nonlinear analysis of coupled concrete shear walls with symmetrical and asymmetrical openings
摘要
So far, various elements have been proposed for modeling concrete shear walls, which are generally classified into two categories: micro and macro elements. The number of degrees of freedom in macro elements is much lower compared with micro elements; which results in having less analysis time. In many studies, macro element called Multiple-Vertical-Line-Element-Model (MVLEM) is used to model the shear wall made of concrete. These elements simulate the overall nonlinear behavior of simple shear walls well, but cannot be used to model the shear walls with openings. In this paper, a modified MVLEM is used to simulate concrete shear walls with symmetrical and asymmetrical openings. For this purpose, two experimental concrete shear walls with symmetrical and asymmetrical openings were modeled, and then verified using the micro finite element method. Subsequently, a method was proposed by MVLEM elements to model the beam behavior based on the beam moment distribution diagram. Due to the moment distribution of the concrete wall with symmetrical opening, the coupling beam was modeled as two simple concrete shear walls, connected to one another from top parts. In the shear wall with asymmetric openings, the beam is modeled as a simple shear wall. Three different methods were proposed to connect the coupling beam to the shear wall. Then the behavior of two micro walls with symmetrical and asymmetrical openings, three macro walls with symmetrical and asymmetrical openings are investigated. The proposed models were analyzed through static, cyclic, and dynamic loading protocols. The results indicated that the models exhibited acceptable behavior.