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<p>The rising demand for renewable energy has significantly driven the expansion of offshore wind farms in the Indian coastal regions, with monopile foundations as the dominant support system for wind turbines in shallow coastal waters. On the Indian coastline, Gujarat and Tamil Nadu are identified as the most potential regions for harnessing wind energy. However, adequate assessment of the capacity of monopile foundations for these regions is a challenging task considering the combined effects of vertical (V), horizontal (H), and moment (M) loading. This study presents the combined V-H-M capacity curves for monopile foundations for Gujarat and Tamil Nadu coastal regions for multi-megawatt offshore wind turbines (OWT) with capacities of 5 MW, 10 MW, and 15 MW. Nonlinear three-dimensional finite element investigations are carried out for this purpose. V-H-M capacity envelopes for the monopile foundations of OWT systems are developed for different vertical load ratios of 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00. The capacity envelopes indicate that the monopiles for the Tamil Nadu region have a higher combined capacity compared to the Gujarat coast. For the vertical load ratio of 1.0, the horizontal capacity of the monopile foundations in the Tamil Nadu region is about 1.20–2.32 times more than that in the Gujarat region, whereas the moment capacity is 1.08–2.33 times more for OWT capacities considered in the study. Compared to the capacity of the 5 MW OWT, the horizontal capacity monopile foundations of 10 MW and 15 MW OWTs are greater by about 1.75–2.90 times for the Gujarat coast and 1.18–1.70 times for the Tamil Nadu coast. Furthermore, combined capacity envelopes for seismic loading are obtained through pseudo-static analyses considering the region-specific seismicity values. The effects of seismic loading on the capacity envelopes are found to be asymmetric and more evident for the Gujarat region. Overall, the study will benefit designers for assessing the capacity of monopiles considering different combinations of loading for Indian coastal regions for both static and seismic conditions.</p>

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Assessment of V-H-M capacity curves for monopile foundations of multi-megawatt offshore wind turbines for Indian coastlines

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月12日

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  • Kingshuk Jana,
  • Rajib Sarkar,
  • Subhamoy Bhattacharya

摘要

The rising demand for renewable energy has significantly driven the expansion of offshore wind farms in the Indian coastal regions, with monopile foundations as the dominant support system for wind turbines in shallow coastal waters. On the Indian coastline, Gujarat and Tamil Nadu are identified as the most potential regions for harnessing wind energy. However, adequate assessment of the capacity of monopile foundations for these regions is a challenging task considering the combined effects of vertical (V), horizontal (H), and moment (M) loading. This study presents the combined V-H-M capacity curves for monopile foundations for Gujarat and Tamil Nadu coastal regions for multi-megawatt offshore wind turbines (OWT) with capacities of 5 MW, 10 MW, and 15 MW. Nonlinear three-dimensional finite element investigations are carried out for this purpose. V-H-M capacity envelopes for the monopile foundations of OWT systems are developed for different vertical load ratios of 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00. The capacity envelopes indicate that the monopiles for the Tamil Nadu region have a higher combined capacity compared to the Gujarat coast. For the vertical load ratio of 1.0, the horizontal capacity of the monopile foundations in the Tamil Nadu region is about 1.20–2.32 times more than that in the Gujarat region, whereas the moment capacity is 1.08–2.33 times more for OWT capacities considered in the study. Compared to the capacity of the 5 MW OWT, the horizontal capacity monopile foundations of 10 MW and 15 MW OWTs are greater by about 1.75–2.90 times for the Gujarat coast and 1.18–1.70 times for the Tamil Nadu coast. Furthermore, combined capacity envelopes for seismic loading are obtained through pseudo-static analyses considering the region-specific seismicity values. The effects of seismic loading on the capacity envelopes are found to be asymmetric and more evident for the Gujarat region. Overall, the study will benefit designers for assessing the capacity of monopiles considering different combinations of loading for Indian coastal regions for both static and seismic conditions.