<p>The well-observed type IIP SN&#xa0;2024bch with the short plateau is shown to be an outcome of the red supergiant explosion with the presupernova mass of <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mn>14</mn> <mo>−</mo> <mn>15</mn> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$14-15$</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mo>⊙</mo> </msub> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$M_{\odot }$</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, the explosion energy of <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mn>2</mn> <mo>×</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mn>10</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>51</mn> </mrow> </msup> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$2\times 10^{51}$</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> erg, and presupernova radius of 1250 <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mo>⊙</mo> </msub> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$R_{\odot }$</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. The early gamma-ray escape demonstrated by the radioactive tail is due to the large <sup>56</sup>Ni extension up to 7400 km s<sup>−1</sup>. The early-time spectral evolution indicates the presence of the circumstellar dense confined envelope with the mass of <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mn>0.003</mn> <mo>−</mo> <mn>0.006</mn> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$0.003-0.006$</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mo>⊙</mo> </msub> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$M_{\odot }$</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> within <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mn>6</mn> <mo>×</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mn>10</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>14</mn> </mrow> </msup> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$6\times 10^{14}$</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> cm. The deceleration of the outermost ejecta implies the wind with the mass-loss rate of ≈ 6<InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mo>×</mo> <msup> <mn>10</mn> <mrow> <mo>−</mo> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> </msup> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\times 10^{-4}$</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mo>⊙</mo> </msub> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$M_{\odot }$</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> yr<sup>−1</sup>. The inferred mass-loss rate is by one-two order larger compared to most of type IIP supernovae, but comparable to the wind of type IIL SN&#xa0;1998S. The asymmetry of the broad H<InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>α</mi> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\alpha $</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> component on day 144 powered by the circumstellar interaction is the outcome of the Thomson scattering and absorption in the Paschen continuum in the unshocked ejecta.</p>

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Type IIP SN 2024bch: hydrodynamic model, shock breakout, and circumstellar interaction

  • V. P. Utrobin,
  • N. N. Chugai

摘要

The well-observed type IIP SN 2024bch with the short plateau is shown to be an outcome of the red supergiant explosion with the presupernova mass of 14 15 $14-15$ M $M_{\odot }$ , the explosion energy of 2 × 10 51 $2\times 10^{51}$  erg, and presupernova radius of 1250  R $R_{\odot }$ . The early gamma-ray escape demonstrated by the radioactive tail is due to the large 56Ni extension up to 7400 km s−1. The early-time spectral evolution indicates the presence of the circumstellar dense confined envelope with the mass of 0.003 0.006 $0.003-0.006$ M $M_{\odot }$ within 6 × 10 14 $6\times 10^{14}$  cm. The deceleration of the outermost ejecta implies the wind with the mass-loss rate of ≈ 6 × 10 4 $\times 10^{-4}$ M $M_{\odot }$  yr−1. The inferred mass-loss rate is by one-two order larger compared to most of type IIP supernovae, but comparable to the wind of type IIL SN 1998S. The asymmetry of the broad H α $\alpha $ component on day 144 powered by the circumstellar interaction is the outcome of the Thomson scattering and absorption in the Paschen continuum in the unshocked ejecta.