AI as a Sparring Partner in Professional Settings: Counselors’ Views on ChatGPT’s Role and Potential in Pregnancy Termination Counseling
摘要
The spread of generative artificial intelligence and large language model technologies, such as ChatGPT, has sparked interest in their applicability and potential role in reproductive health counseling. This qualitative study explored the perspectives of professional counselors providing pregnancy termination counseling in Germany on the integration of ChatGPT into their work. Between November 2024 and January 2025, 20 semi-structured interviews were conducted with counselors working at state-accredited counseling centers, using a case vignette design to explore the potentials, challenges, meanings, needs for support, and requirements involved in case evaluation while sparring with ChatGPT-4o Mini.Thematic analysis revealed four main themes. Participants expressed persistent skepticism, curiosity, and encouraging first experiences regarding the reliability, contextual appropriateness, ethical alignment, and legal accuracy of ChatGPT-generated content. Counselors emphasized that interpersonal relatedness is a crucial marker of quality and meaning of counseling, encompassing empathy, subjective competence, and situational sensitivity. Reflections on professional roles revealed that ChatGPT was perceived as a primarily supportive tool for non-relational tasks. ChatGPT’s potential was described as significantly constrained by specific needs, fantasized relief, and working conditions marked by structural limitations and individual barriers to digital innovation, such as the centers’ equipment, digital readiness, and privacy policies.We discuss the findings in relation to AI and technology acceptance models and the theory of professional practice, contributing to a refinement of the concept of conceptualized skepticism toward a more nuanced understanding that may be specific to counseling contexts. The findings underscore positions that argue counseling encompasses more than its methods, relying on in-betweens and subjectivities.