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<p>Although copepods are an essential live feed for marine larviculture, their large-scale production is frequently hampered by suboptimal feed. In this study, different densities of rotifers <i>Brachionus plicatilis</i> were utilized as the “diet” to culture copepods <i>Tigriopus japonicus</i>, and the ingestion rate, population growth, amino acid, and fatty acid composition of <i>T. japonicus</i> were investigated. The results indicated that the ingestion rate of <i>T. japonicus</i> increased as the density of rotifers increased (0.25–25 ind./mL). Moreover, the population growth rate of <i>T. japonicus</i> increased by 125%, 106%, and 135% in the 0.04, 0.4, and 4 ind./mL rotifer treatments, respectively, compared to the control (only microalgae provided, no rotifers). The population growth rate of <i>B. plicatilis</i> increased despite predation pressure from <i>T. japonicus</i>, suggesting that these two species can co-exist. Furthermore, the essential amino acid contents in <i>T. japonicus</i> were improved by feeding <i>B. plicatilis</i>, with values of 5452.88 ± 298.37&#xa0;mg/kg in the 0.04 ind./mL rotifer treatment versus 4004.08 ± 381.08&#xa0;mg/kg in the control. Finally, <i>T. japonicus</i> in the 0.04 ind./mL rotifer treatment had a higher proportion of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids than those in the control. The levels of C20:5n3 (EPA) and C22:6n3 (DHA) in <i>T. japonicus</i> from the 0.04 ind./mL rotifer treatment were 6.44 ± 0.92 and 17.03 ± 0.84, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in <i>T. japonicus</i> from the control (EPA: 3.38 ± 0.04; DHA: 15.00 ± 0.22) (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). These results demonstrate that <i>B. plicatilis</i> can serve as a promising food source for the copepods <i>T. japonicus</i>. Co-cultivating various species and sizes of live feed is an innovative approach for advancing the live food industry.</p>

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Effects of rotifer (Brachionus plicatilis) density on the ingestion rate, population growth, and nutritional composition of the copepod Tigriopus japonicus in a rotifer-copepod co-culture system

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月16日

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  • Qi You,
  • Laiyuan Cai,
  • Jilong Ren,
  • Xingru Guo,
  • Xiaolei Wei,
  • Junjian Wang,
  • Cui Han

摘要

Although copepods are an essential live feed for marine larviculture, their large-scale production is frequently hampered by suboptimal feed. In this study, different densities of rotifers Brachionus plicatilis were utilized as the “diet” to culture copepods Tigriopus japonicus, and the ingestion rate, population growth, amino acid, and fatty acid composition of T. japonicus were investigated. The results indicated that the ingestion rate of T. japonicus increased as the density of rotifers increased (0.25–25 ind./mL). Moreover, the population growth rate of T. japonicus increased by 125%, 106%, and 135% in the 0.04, 0.4, and 4 ind./mL rotifer treatments, respectively, compared to the control (only microalgae provided, no rotifers). The population growth rate of B. plicatilis increased despite predation pressure from T. japonicus, suggesting that these two species can co-exist. Furthermore, the essential amino acid contents in T. japonicus were improved by feeding B. plicatilis, with values of 5452.88 ± 298.37 mg/kg in the 0.04 ind./mL rotifer treatment versus 4004.08 ± 381.08 mg/kg in the control. Finally, T. japonicus in the 0.04 ind./mL rotifer treatment had a higher proportion of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids than those in the control. The levels of C20:5n3 (EPA) and C22:6n3 (DHA) in T. japonicus from the 0.04 ind./mL rotifer treatment were 6.44 ± 0.92 and 17.03 ± 0.84, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in T. japonicus from the control (EPA: 3.38 ± 0.04; DHA: 15.00 ± 0.22) (P < 0.05). These results demonstrate that B. plicatilis can serve as a promising food source for the copepods T. japonicus. Co-cultivating various species and sizes of live feed is an innovative approach for advancing the live food industry.